MIS 250/350 ch12 vocab
Terms
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- The programming environment of an expert system.
- AI Shell
- The effort to develop computer-based systems that can behave like humans, with the ability to learn languages, accomplish physical tasks, use a perceptual apparatus, and emulate human expertise and decision making.
- Artificial Intelligence (AI)
- A strategy for searching the rule base in an expert system that acts like a problem solver by beginning with a hypothesis and seeking out more information until the hypothesis is either proved or disproved.
- Backward Chaining
- Artificial intelligence technology that represents knowledge as a database of cases and solutions.
- Case-Based Reasoning (CBR)
- Senior executive in charge of the organization's knowledge management program.
- Chief Knowledge Officer (CKO)
- Informal social networks of professionals and employees inside and outside the firm who have similar work-related activities and interests.
- Communities of Practice (COPS)
- Information system that automates the creation and revision of designs using sophisticated graphics software.
- Computer-Aided Design (CAD)
- ...that digitize, index, and tag documents according to a coherent framework are large databases adept at storing collections of documents. (419)
- Document management systems
- Knowledge-intensive computer program that captures the expertise of a human in limited domains of knowledge.
- Expert System
- Knowledge that has been documented.
- Explicit Knowledge
- A strategy for searching the rule base in an expert system that begins with the information entered by the user and searches the rule base to arrive at a conclusion.
- Forward Chaining
- Rule-based AI that tolerates imprecision by using nonspecific terms called membership functions to solve problems.
- Fuzzy Logic
- Problem-solving methods that promote the evolution of solutions to specified problems using the model of living organisms adapting to their environment.
- Genetic Algorithms
- Integration of multiple AI technologies into a single application to take advantage of the best features of these technologies.
- Hybrid AI Systems
- The strategy used to search through the rule base in an expert system; can be forward or backward chaining.
- Inference Engine
- Software program that uses a built-in or learned knowledge base to carry out specific, repetitive, and predictable tasks for an individual user, business process, or software application.
- Intelligent Agent
- ...such as data mining, expert systems, nueral networks, fuzzy logic, genetic algorithms, and intelligent agents. These techniques have different objectives, from a focus on discovering knowledge (data mining and neural networks), to distilling knowledge
- Intelligent techniques
- Powerful desktop computer for financial specialists, which is optimized to access and manipulate massive amounts of financial data.
- Investment Workstation
- Concepts, experience, and insight that provide a framework for creating, evaluating, and using information.
- Knowledge
- Model of human knowledge that is used by expert systems.
- Knowledge Base
- Identification of novel and valuable patterns in large databases.
- Knowledge Discovery
- A specialist who elicits information and expertise from other professionals and translates it into a set of rules, or frames, for an expert system.
- Knowledge Engineer
- The set of processes developed in an organization to create, gather, store, maintain, and disseminate the firm's knowledge.
- Knowledge Management
- Online directory for locating corporate experts in well-defined knowledge domains.
- Knowledge Network System
- Collection of documented internal and external knowledge in a single location for more efficient management and utilization by the organization.
- Knowledge Repository
- Specialized systems for helping knowledge workes create and discover new knowledge.
- Knowledge Work Systems (KWS)
- Tools for the management, delivery, tracking, and assessment of various types of employee learning.
- Learning Management System (LMS)
- Hardware or software that attempts to emulate the processing patterns of the biological brain.
- Neural Network
- Creation of new standard operating procedures and business processes that reflect organizations' experience.
- Organizational Learning
- The collection of knowledge in an AI system that is represented in the form of IF-THEN rules.
- Rule Base
- Information in the form of less structured objects, such as e-mail, chat room exchanges, videos, graphics, brochures, or bulletin boards.
- Semistructured Knowledge
- System for organizing and storing less structured information, such as e-mail, voice mail, videos, graphics, brochures, or bulleting boards. Also known as digital asset management system.
- Semistructured Knowledge System
- Knowledge in the form of structured documents and reports.
- Structured Knowledge
- System for organizing structured knowledge in a repository where it can be accessed throughout the organization. Also known as content management system.
- Structured Knowledge System
- Method of classifying things according to a predetermined system.
- Taxonomy
- A set of specifications for interactive three-dimensional modeling on the World Wide Web.
- Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML)
- Interactive graphics software and hardware that create computer-generated simulations that provide sensations that emulate real-world activities.
- Virtual Reality Systems
- The collective and individual experience of applying knowledge to the solution of problems.
- Wisdom