Ceramics
ceramics terms
Terms
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- sgraffito
- the decorative process which employs a scratched line through a layer of slip to expose the clay body beneath
- sprig
- a preformed clay motif applied to a form to produce an image in relief
- mature
- fired to a tight, hard, serviceable structure.
- porcelain
- a hard, totally vitreous clay, generally fired to high temperatures. it is usually white or grey and may be translucent when thin
- Coil
- To make clay objects by building with ropes or coils of clay.
- reduction
- firing with reduced oxygen in the kiln
- frit
- a material used in glazes and enamels which consists of a glass which has been melted, cooled, then ground to a powder for use.
- Bisque
- The state of clay when fired, but unglazed.
- vitrify
- to fire to a point of glassification
- tooth
- roughness in clay; course grain structure
- Dunt
- to break from strains in cooling.
- filler
- a material of little or no plasticity which helps to promote drying and control shrinkage in clay bodies or englobes. some fillers are sand, grog, vermiculite, or perlite.
- Crazing
- The formation of a network or crack in a glaze.
- fuse
- to melt
- Bloat
- The deformation of a form where either the clay has started to boil or air trapped in the form has expanded during firing.
- flux
- a substance which causes or promotes melting
- class bisque temp
- cone 06
- glazes
- combinations of clay, fux and glass formers that melt at specific temperatures to create specific color, surface, texture, and transparency. gloss to matt, bright to dull, transparent to opaqe, fluid to dry
- throwing
- the act of forming clay on a potter's wheel
- kiln wash
- a refractory mixture, usually of kaolin or flint, which is painted on kiln shelves and saggers to prevent glaze from adhering
- salt glaze
- glazing by the vapors from salt in the kiln
- fit
- the adjustment of a glaze to a clay, relative to shrinkage.
- class glaze temp
- cone 6
- slake
- to moisten clay with water until it deforms
- plasticity
- the property of a material enabling it to be shaped and to hold its shape
- kiln
- a furnace for firing ceramics; made of refractory and insulating materials.
- shards
- bits of broken pottery
- pyrometer
- a mechanical device for measuring the temperature in a kiln.
- stack
- to load or set kiln with pottery
- extrision
- the process of makig shapes such as drain tile by forcing the clay through dies
- stoneware
- pottery or other objects made from clay which, when fired above 1200 degrees (c), are dense and vitrified. objects may be dark or light but not translucent.
- clay body
- a combination/blend of minerals, fillers and clays that are in harmony with a specific firing temperature, desired working/forming properties and color.
- earthenware
- generally refers to a low fire clay, or objects made from such clays, usually red in color.
- greenware
- unfired pottery; also called raw-ware.
- slab
- a flat piece of clay. a method of handbuilding in which flat pieces of clay are used to construct the form.
- grog
- clay which has been fired and then ground to various particle sizes.
- pyrometric cone
- a device made of ceramic materials, designed to measure the combination of temperature and duration of temperature in a kiln.
- Crackle
- Decorative craze lines in the glaze.
- glassification
- turning to glass, melting into a glass.
- clay and glaze...
- mature at the same temperature
- open
- to make a clay more open, or porous by adding fillers
- slip, slurry
- a solution of clay and water which had a thick, muddy consistency. it may be used decoratively or as a binding agent.
- englobe
- a layer of slip applied to a form to change the color of the form.
- refractory
- resistant to heat
- Bat
- a shelf or carrying board to facilitate moving larger or easily breakable pieces; a slab of plaster for drying clay.
- short
- nonplastic; poor working properties
- pottery
- objects, and especially vessels, which are made from fired clay. the term "pottery" includes earthenware, stoneware, and porcelain.
- flashing
- the impingement of flame on a pot in the kiln. flashing often causes discoloration of the body or glaze.
- leatherhard
- clay which has dried sufficiently to be stiff, but which is still dampt enough to be further worked on; carved, joined, modeled, etc.