Anatomy (Psychobiology of Women)
Terms
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- Names of First Half of Cycle (Day 1 to Ovulation)
- Preovulatory (time) Follicular (ovary) x Proliferative (uterus)
- Names of Second Half of Cycle (Ovulation to Day 1)
- Postovulatory (time) Luteal (ovary) Secretory (uterus)
- Length of Preovulatory Phase
- Varies from cycle to cycle for one woman or month to month for women
- Ovarian Hormones (preovulatory phase)
- Estrogen (estradiol)*, androgen, inhibin
- Hormone Producing Site (preovulatory phase)
- follicle/Graafian follicle
- Substances released at ovulation
- follicular fluid ovum corona radiata sticky cumulus
- corona radiata
- provides nutrients for ovum from ovulation until the ovum is inside of oviducts
- Sticky Cumulus
- a sticky layer of cells that surrounds the ovum/corona radiata and helps with the transport of the ovum into and through the oviduct
- Ovarian Hormones (postovulatory phase)
- Progesterone*, estradiol, androgens, inhibin
- Oviduct (parts order from ovary to uterus)
- Ovary, Fimbria, infindibulum, ampulla, isthmus, uterus
- Layers of Uterine Muscle
- endometrium, myometrium, perimetrium
- Menstrual Fluid
- Blood (~2-4 tbsp) Glandular secretions from the endometrial cells Unfertilized ovum and fragments from endometrial cells
- Dysmenorrhea (definition, cause and treatment)
- Menstrual cramps Caused by very high levels of prostaglandins in the uterus drugs that block prostaglandin synthesis (aspirin, ibuprofen...)
- Proliferative phase (time and definition)
- end of menses to ovulation endometrial cells increase in size and number
- Secretory phase (time and definition)
- ovulation to day 1 endometrial cells fill with fats and glycogen
- endometriosis (definition and effects)
- growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus, undergoes all cyclic changes including sloughing and bleeding severe pain at time of menses build up of scar tissue (decreased fertility)
- Disfensible (definition)
- Stretchy (referring to vagina)
- Close apposition of vagina
- walls touch each other (hugging)
- Timing from fimbria/ampulla to ampulla-isthmus junction
- minutes
- Time at ampulla-isthmus junction
- 2-2.5 days
- Time from isthmus to uterus
- 0.5-1.5 days
- Time for ovum to reach uterus after ovulation
- 3-4 days
- Time to implant in uterine wall
- 2-3 days after arriving in the uterus (5-7 days after ovulation)
- Uterine wall
- smooth and striated muscle (muscle cells spontaneously contract)
- Broad ligament
- runs behind fundus (upper 2/3 of uterus)
- Cervical mucus (low estrogen **high progesterone)
- mucus is thick and pasty \"hostile mucus\" protects from bacterial infections
- Cervical mucus (high estrogen)
- approaching ovulation, mucus wet- consistency of raw egg white, slippery helps sperm travel up
- labia majora (bulbs of the vestibule)
- specialized erectile tissue engorges with blood during sexual excitement resulting in an increase in size of the labia majora
- labia minora
- meet at front to form the prepuce or hood of the clitoris
- vestibule
- area of the vulva covered by the labia minora 1. urethral opening 2. vaginal opening 3. hymen 4. Glands of Bartholin 5. clitoris
- mons veneris (mons pubis)
- mound of fat and connective tissue over pubic bone
- perineum
- sensitive soft tissue from vaginal opening to anus
- episiotomy
- perineum cut during childbirth
- Vaginal lubrication during sexual excitement
- vaginal wall engorges w/blood puffy, swelled up blood vessels of vaginal lining cells pushed together and lubrication squeezes into lumen
- labia majora
- sweat glands sebaceous glands- oily secretions, water proofing the region, hygiene- bacterial fluids from urine/menstrual blood don\'t stick)
- Glands of Bartholin
- posterior vaginal opening, provides some lubrication (minor role)
- Montgomery Glands
- 1. appear as bumps on areola 2. more visible during post-ovulatory phase (most visible during pregnancy and breastfeeding) 3. produces lubricating and antibacterial substance during breastfeeding