Intro to Cell Biology II: Cytoplasmic Structures
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- What is the general function of an organelle?
- Allows genetic information to be translated into cell function
- What is the proteinaceous supporting network of a cell?
- Cytoskeleton
- What is the largest organelle in a cell?
- Mitochondria
- Where can mitochondria be found and what is it's function?
- Mitochondria accumulate in parts of cytoplasm where utilization of energy is more intense. The function is to provide energy for chemical and mechanical work.
- The mitochondria and nuclear envelop have this unnique structural component in common...
- Double Membrane (2 bilayers)
- Where does the Kreb cycle take place and where can oxidation enzymes be found?
- Mitochondrial Matrix
- Is the cristae a folding of the outer or inner mitochondrial membrane? Is this membrane highly porous?
- Inner Mito. Membrane; no the inner membrane is less porous than the outer membrane
- What organelle translates mRNAs into proteins and permits the synthesis of multiple copies of a protein?
- Ribosomes
- Where can ribosomes be found?
- Either free in the cytoplasm (called free polysomes) or attached to rER
- What forms an enclosed continuous network of intercommunicating channels and sacs?
- Endoplasmic Reticulum
- What are the functions of the ER?
- synthesizing, packaging, and processing of various cell substances
- Describe rough endopaslmic reticulum (rER).
- Consists of parallel stacks of flattened cisternae studded with ribosomes that synthesize protins not destined for the cytoplasm
- Name some examples of proteins that the rER synthesizes.
- Secretory Proteins (Collagen), cell membrane protiens, and lysosomal enzymes
- What are some other protein-making cells?
- Erthroblasts, eosinophils, plasma cells, and pancreatic acinar cells
- Where does ALL protein synthesis begin?
- on free polyribosomes (not attached to the ER)