science chapter 3 2
Terms
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- complex ______ macromolecule composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phospohrous
- protein
- ________ building blocks of ________
- monomers, polymers
- 1 sugar carbohydrate are __________
- monosaccaharide
-
2 sugar carbohydrates are
__________ - disaccharides
- __________ is covalent bond between a.a.
- peptide bond
- _______ are known for long term energy storage
- lipids
- _______ is a chain of a.a.
- polypeptide
- _________ is a chain of sugars
- polysaccharide
- glucose and fructose are _____
- carbohydrates
- nucleic acids are composed of ________ that include __________ as part of structures
-
nucleotides
nitrogen bases - each element is made up of 1 kind of ______
- atom
- nucleus of atom contains ______
- protons and neutrons
- atoms combine to form ___________
- energy levels
- ______ made of chain of a.a.
- protein
- lipids are high-energy nutrients becuase they ____________________
- yield large amounts of energy per gram
- ________ under go chemical reactions
- reactants
- ___________ is not a mixture
- compound
- suigar dissolves in water, water is a __________
- solvent
- c12 h22 o11 is a ___________
- compound
- _________ are organic compounds made by organisms
- biomolecules
- carbon atoms can share ______ electrons
- 4
- monomers are building blocks of _________
- polymers
- electrons move ion nucleus in region called __________
- electron clouds
- what is the structure of a lipid?
- 3 fatty acid chains to glycerol backbone
- what uses 1:2:1 ratio?
- carbohydrates
- what is taking place in condensation reaction?
- OH & H groups are coming off and forming H2o, water molecule
- why are enzymes important and where do they belong?
- belong to protein and they are important because they speed up chemical reaction. different chemical reaction rate could help evolution, which could change life.
- what is each ring called?
- energy level
- how many rings are in an e-cloud?
- 8
- 2 atoms of same element that have different # of neutrons
- isotope
- when is a covalent bond taking place?
- when electrons are shared with atoms
- what are main elements found in living organisms and which is most abundant?
- carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, pohsphate, and sulfur
- what is an compound that have same simple formula as other compounds but have different 3 d structures
- isomer
-
what is a pos. ion?
" " neg. ion -
cation
anion - what is a polar molecule?
- molecule w\ un= distribution of charge
- molecule
- particle in which atoms are bonded by sharing electrons in covalent bonds
- solution
- 1 or more sub. distributed evenly throughout another sub.
- suspension
- particles temp. mixed in solution
- colloid
- particles larger than in solution but smaller than in suspension
- mixture
- each molecule type retains its own properties when together w\ others
- covalent bond
- attractive force between 2 atoms share electrons the force that holds them together
- compound
- substance formed when atoms of different elements combine chemically
- what happens in hydrolysis reaction?
-
breakin apart of molecule by = water. bonds between monomers inpolymers break down by = water.
h2o splits, h goes on 1 and oh goes on another - when ph of something lower?
- concentration of hydrogen is greater
- as the ph is higher concentration of what is greater?
- hydroxide
- at 0 what is the solution?
- acidic
- at 14 what is the solution?
- basic
- what are lipids made of?
- carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
- what are nucleic acids made of?
- carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, phosphorus
- what are carbphydrates made of?
- carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
- what are proteins made of?
- carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur
- what are nucleic acids used for?
- to store info in code, carry out genetic info, makes DNA
- what are carb. used for?
- short term energy storage
- what are lipids used for?
- long term energy storage, creates cell membranes
- ionic bond
- attractive force between 2 ions of opposite charge