Important Biology Concepts
Terms
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- what is a gene?
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'a protein recipe'
a small piece of DNA that contains the code for making a protein - what are enzymes made of?
- proteins
- what role do proteins play in the cell?
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proteins are important 'action' and structural molecules in the cell
eg: enzymes, channel proteins, structural proteins (cytoskeleton) - where is DNA located in the cell?
- nucleus
- can DNA leave the nucleus?
- no.
- where are proteins made?
- at the ribosomes
- what is the 'central dogma' of the cell? this describes the information flow in the cell
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DNA is transcribed to make mRNA.
mRNA leaves the nucleus and attaches to the ribosome.
mRNA is translated to make a protein.
protein does its job. - what are the building blocks of protein?
- amino acids
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what are the four classes of organic molecules?
another way to ask is...
what are the four key macromolecules in the cell? -
1. proteins
2. nucleic acids
3. polysaccharides
4. lipids - what are the building blocks of each one of the macromolecules?
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1. proteins -> amino acids
2. nucleic acids -> nucleotides
3. polysaccharides -> monosaccharides
4. lipids -> fatty acid, glycerol