kd 2
Terms
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- hemolytic-uremic syndrom
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Common in children
Causes acute renal failure
Commonly caused by E.coli (O157:H7)
Toxins damage endothelium, reduce NO, promote vassoconstriction and necrosis, promote thrombus
- Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia - Wegener's granulomatosis
- Vasculitis in adults
- IgA nephropathy
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Most often in young adults.
Expanded Mesangial matrix. - Electron dense humps
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In post infectious GN
IgG and C3 - Variable thickening of BM
- Alport
- Mesangial Matrix expanded
- DM, IgA nephropathy
- post infectious GN
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IgG and C3
Electron dense humps
hematuria and RBC casts - Amaloidosis
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proteinuria
No hematuria - Diabetes
- Nodular and diffuse glomeroscloeosis, leads to chronic renal failure
- PSA
- mild with prostate hyperplasia, high with carcinoma
- polycythemia
- paraneoplastic origin
- polycyctic kidney dz
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autosomal dominant
HTN
Renal cell carcinoma - Ischemic tubular necrosis
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Rupture of tubular BM (tubulorrhexis)
1 day initiating phase, maintenance phase follows (rise in blood urea, w/ salt and water overload)
Steady rise in urine output with hypokalemia - Fibrinoid necrosis
- malignant nephrosclerosis
- Focal segmental
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treatment is with corticosteroids, and ACE-inhibitors to control hypertension.
- hyalinosis, with a gradual progression
to diffuse global glomerulosclerosis. Immunofluorescence studies show IgM and C3 deposition.
- prognosis is poor, with fifty percent of patients progressing to end-stage
kidney disease in five years. The prognosis is better in children. The lesion recurs in 25-50% of transplanted kidneys, indicating an
extrarenal primarycause. - Kimmelstiel-Wilson lesion.
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Diabetic Nephropathy. poor prognosis.
Nephrotic syndrome due to this case have chronic renal
failure. Treatment with ACE-inhibitors. Early detection of microalbuminuria - Elevated glycosylated Hgb A1c
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DM
Initially microalbinuria
Progressive loss of renal fn - ANCA positive
- vasculitis (Wegener's)