muskuloskeletal
Terms
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1,25(OH)2 Vit D
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Reabsorb Ca2+ AND Phosphate in intestine AND kindey
Resorb Ca2+ from bone (to create new bone)
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Filgrastim
Sargramostim
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G-CSF
G-Macrophage CSF
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abnormal D-xylose test, dermatitis herpetiformis
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Celiac Sprue
Steatorrhea, vilis blunting, affect jejunum
- achondroplasia
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failure of long bone growth
- Aldesleukin
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IL-2
Used in renal cell carcinoma, metastatic melanoma
- Allopurinol
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inhibit xanthine oxidase (hypoxanthine to xanthine and xanthine to urate)
Used in tumor lysis syndrome too
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alpha interferon
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Hep B, Hep C, Kaposi's Sarcoma, leukemias, malignant melanoma
- ankylosing spondylitis
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sero-neg, HLA-B27 association
spine/sacroiliac stiffness, uveitis, aortic regurg
- anti-centromere
- CREST
- anti-histone
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dru-related lupus
- BCC
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most common, not metastatic
pearly appearance
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Ca2+ channel in Sarcoplasmic reticulum
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Ryanodine Receptor
- Ca2+ channel in T-tubule
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Dihydropyridine receptor
- Ca2+ in renal failure
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increased phosphate (decreased GFR)
Decreased Ca2+ (bound by high phosphate, decreased 1,25(OH)2.
Secondary hyperparathyroid due to decreased Ca2+
- chondrosarcoma
- malignant, medulla
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chronic sinusitis, perforated nasal septum
- wegener's
- Churg Strauss syndrome
- granulomas, eosinophilia
- colchcine
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depolymerizes microtubules, impairing leukocyte chemotaxis in Gout.
Bad GI SE
Use Indomethacin instead
- CREST
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Calcinosis, Raynaud's, Esophageal dismotility, sclerodactyly, Telangiectasia, anti-centromere Ab
- cyclosporin
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decrease IL-2 production
nephrotoxic, viral infections, lymphoma
- Diffuse Scleroderma antibody
- Scl-70
- enchondroma
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benign, medulla of bone
- entanercept
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binds TNF-a, reduces inflammation
RA, psoriasis, ankylosing spondylitis
- Ewing's
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highly malignant t(11,22), onion skinning, diaphysis
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giant cell tumor
- soap bubble, eipiphysis, benign
- Infliximab
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Ab to TNF-a
chron's, RA, ankylosing spondylitis
- Kawasaki
- babies/kids, acute, self-limited, med, small vessels, can affect coronary arteries-->anneurysm
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layers of skin
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epidermis: corneum, lucidum, granulosa, spinosum, basalus; dermis
"Californians Like Girls in String Bikinis"
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Lupus antibodies
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ANA-sensitive, not specific
dsDNA-specific, poor prognosis
Smith-very specific, not prognostic
histone-drug-induced
- macula adherens
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Desmosomes
Keratin filaments and desmoplakin
- Oprelvekin
- IL-11
- osteoarthritis
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bouchards (PIP), heberdens (DIP)
Pain at end of day
- osteochondroma
- most common benign, little hump of bone and cartilege
- osteosarcoma
- most common malignant, codman's triangle metaphysis
- polymyositis/dermatomyositis
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progressive prox muscle weakness (CD+ cells attack myofibers)
gottran's papules on knuckles
- probenecid
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chronic gout, inhibits reabsorption of urate (blocks channel)
- PTH
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resorb Ca2+ from bone, reabsorb Ca2+ in distal tubule, absorb Ca2+ in intestine (stimulating 1,25(OH)2 production in kidney)
Prevent reabsorbtion of phosphate in proximal tubule
- RA
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MCP, PIP
Boutonniere, Swan-neck, ulnar deviation, subluxation
Worse in morning, better w/ use
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Reiter's syndrome
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sero-neg, HLA-B27 association
urethritis, conjunctivitis, ant uveitis, arthritis
"Can't see, pee, climb a tree"
Post chlamydia/GI-infection
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Rheumatoid Factor
- anti-IgG IgM
- sarcoidosis
- noncaseating granulomas, increased ACE, restrictive lung disease, hilar lymphadenopathy, hypercalcemia
- SCC
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associated w/ sun (precurser is aktinic keratosis)
keratin pearls
not metastatic
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Sjogern's Disease
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xerostomia, xeropthalmos, arthritis
Older females, parotid enlargement, B-cell lymphoma risk
SS-ro, SS-la
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Skeletal and cardiac muscle Ca2+ binding
- binds Troponin C which causes movement of tropomyosin which allows myosin to bind actin.
- Smooth muscle contraction
- Ca2+ binds calmodulin which activates myosin light chain kinase which allows actin-myosin cross-bridge formation and causes contraction
- T-tubule of cardiac m. is located?
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at z-line
"diads"
- T-tubule of skeletal m. is located?
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at junction of A and I
"Triads"
- Takayasu's
- "pulsless disease" (weak pulse in upper extremeties), granulomas, proximal great vessels (aorta)
- U1RNP
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mixed connective tissue disorders (raynaud's. atralgia, myalgia, etc.)
anti-smith and SS-A,SS-B are RNP's too!
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Zona adherens
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intermediate junction.
actin filaments and cadherins