nervous system (2)
Terms
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- abducens (CN VI)
- pons of brainstem exits s.o.f. eye movements
- accessory (CN XI)
- medulla oblongota of brainstem and spinal cord exits jugular foramen motor to SCM and trapezius
- arachnoid layer
- middle layer
- corpus callosum
- white matter structure allowing communication between the hemispheres
- cranial cavity
- location of the brain and cranial meninges
- dorsal rami
- posterior branch from spinal nerve
- dura matter
- tough, hard
- exteroceptors
- pain, hot/cold (ambient temperature), touch, body position
- facial (CN VII)
- pons of brainstem enters:internal audiotry meatus exits:stylomastoid foramen muscles of facial expression; taste; parasympathetic
- four lobes
- frontal (skeletal muscles) Parietal (touch, pain, temp. taste) Temporal (auditory/ olfactory) Occipital (visual)
- functions of cerebrum
- conscious thought and intellectual functions processing of somatic sensory info complex motor behaviors
- glossopharyngeal (CN IX)
- medulla oblongota of brainstem exits jugular foramen sensory to pharynx; taste; parasympathetic
- hypoglossal (CN XII)
- medulla oblongata of brainstem exits hypoglossal motor to tongue muscles
- hypothalamus
- located inferior to thalamus; pituitary gland hangs from it primary link between nervous system and endocrine system
- integrative
- processes incoming info and initiates a response
- interoreceptors
- blood pressure, gas levels, internal temperature, stretch
- medulla oblongota
- continuous with spinal cord, stops at foramen magnum
- meninges and meningeal spaces
- dura matter, arachnoid layer, pia mater
- motor
- produces an action in response to environmental stimuli
- oculomotor (CN III)
- located midbrain of brainstem exits superior orbital fissure eye movements; parasympathetic
- olfactory nerve (CN I)
- location: olfactory epithelium exit: cribriform plate sense of smell
- optic nerve (CN II)
- located in retina of eye exits optic canal sense of sight
- phrenic nerve
- intervates diaphragm to let it contract
- pia mater
- not visible adheres to neural tissue of brain/ spinal cord anchors network of blood vessels which supply the brain and spinal cord provides lateral stability to the spinal cord via the denticulate ligaments
- pons
- transmits/ relays impulses between cerebrum and cerebellum and brainstem
- SAN
- somatic afferent neurons sensory neurons with cell bodies located in the dorsal root ganglion carry pain, vibration, pressure, heat/cold, stretch, and proprioceptive info back to the CNS; may also carry info regarding the special senses don't ori
- SEN
- somatic efferent neurons motor neurons w/ cell bodies located in the ventral horn of the spinal cord or ventral regions of the brainstem carry efferent outflow to skeletal muscles fibers
- Sensory
- monitors the external and internal environment
- spinal cavity
- location of spinal cord and spinal meninges
- thalamus
- sensory relay and processing center
- trigeminal (CN V)
- pons of brainstem opthalmic-s.o.f.-sensory to upper face maxillary-foramen rotundum-sensory to midface mandibular-foramen ovale-sensory to lower face
- trochlear (CN IV)
- midbrain of brainstem exits s.o.f. eye movements
- vagus (CN X)
- medulla oblongata of brainstem exits jugular foramen motor and sensory to pharynx, larynx; parasympathetic
- VAN (GVA)
- sensory neurons with cell bodies located in the dorsal root ganglion transmite visceral pain, nausea, and info about stretch, pressure, and chemical stimuli from visceral structure cannot convey distinctions between sensations of hot v. cold, fine v
- VEN
- neurons of the autonomic nervous system carry efferent outflow to smooth muscle, exocrine glands or cardiac muscle sympathetic/ parasympathetic
- vestibulocochlear (CN VIII)
- pons and medulla oblongata of brainstem exits jugular formen equilibrium and hearing