muscles (a&p)
Terms
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- muscle
- organ that contracts to produce movement in an animal organism
- two types of muscles are
- striated and nonstriated
- striated muscle
- (meaning striped) include voluntary muscles and cardiac muscles
- nonstriated muscles
- involuntary muscles (smooth muscles)
- proprioception
- perception regarding movements and positions of the body
- tendon
- connective tissue that is fibrous & cord-like
- aponeurosis
- connective tissue that is flat, white, and ribbon-like
- skeletal muscle
- primary muscle used to allow movement in the body, usually attached to skeleton by tendons
- smooth muscle
- muscle that lines the walls of internal organs
- cardiac muscle
- muscle found only in the heart
- 7 ways muscles are described/named
- shape, location, attachment, size, orientation of fibers, relative position, function
- rhomboideus (shape)
- muscle of the back; shaped like a rhomboid
- brevis (size)
- short
- orientation of fibers
- direction that individual muscle fibers extend
- oblique (orient.)
- slanting or inclined direction
- rectus
- straight
- transverse
- across or placed sideways
- linea alba
- literally means "white line"; line going down middle of abdomen
- lumbar aponeurosis
- replaces what was formerly called fasciae
- thenar
- relating to the palm (also term for mound below thumb)
- hypothenar & thenar muscles
- describe location of muscles & are not actual names of muscles
- retinaculum
- structure that holds organ/tissue in place (not a muscle)
- pollex
- thumb
- hallux
- big toe (or great toe)
- anconeus
- located on the back of the humerus, it extends the forearm
- extensor digiti minimi
- long, narrow muscle located on the ulnar side of the extensor digitorum communis muscle; assists in extension of wrist and little finger
- extensor digitorum communis
- positioned in the center of the forearm along the posterior surface; tendon divides into 4 tendons beneath the extensor retinaculum , which attach to the 4 distal tips of fingers 1-4
- flexor digitorum profundus
- lies just underneath the flexor digitorum superficialis muscle
- flexor pollicis longus
- positioned deep in the front of the radius
- pronator teres
- positioned in the upper middle part of the forearm
- epicondyle
- prominence or projection on a bone
- pronator quadralus
- positioned deep & extends between ulna and radius
- supinator
- positioned around the upper portion of the radius
- medial malleolus
- ankle bone on inside of ankle joint formed by distal end of tibia (when feet are together they touch)
- lateral malleolus
- outside ankle joint formed by distal end of fibula
- calcaneal
- achilles tendon; thickest and strongest tendon in the body
- extensor retinaculum
- holds together and covers muscles/tendons on front of feet