Nutrition Exam #2- Proteins
Terms
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- What % of daily calories should come from CHO?
- 55-66%
- What % of daily calories should come from protein?
- 10-20%
- What % of daily calories should come from fat?
- less than 30%
- Beta Bond
- linkage that is found in fiber that we cannot digest
- 1 gram alcohol provides how many calories?
- 7 calories
- 1 gram fat provides how many calories?
- 9 calories
- 1 gram protein provides how many calories?
- 4 calories
- 1 gram CHO provides how many calories?
- 4 calories
- Americans eat ________ protein
- TOO MUCH!!
- Complementary Protein
- What is missing in one food is found in the other
- Another name for Simple Sugar
- monodisaccharides
- Where do we find fiber?
- plant foods
- Name of CHO stored in body?
- Glycogen
- Term that means beans, lentils and peas
- Legumes
- What happens to extra protein?
- It becomes fat
- Hormone that lowers blood glucose
- insulin
- Where protein digest first
- stomach
- Amino Acids
- building blocks of protein
- Privo Conservation
- under 1000 calories - lower metabolism
- Luxus Controversy
- metabolism speeds up to burn off excess calories for a short period of time
- monosaccharides
-
glucose (blood sugar)
fructose (fruit sugar)
galactose - Disaccharides
-
Sucrose (table sugar)
Maltose (found in starch)
Lactose (milk sugar) - "Blood Sugar"
- Glucose
- "Fruit Sugar"
- Fructose
- Dextrose
- Glucose
- Table Sugar
-
Sucrose
Made up of glucose + fructose - "milk sugar"
- lactose
- Starch
- storage of CHO in plants
- Cellulose
- Fiber - storage of CHO in humans (undigested, found in plants)
- Glucagon
- increases blood sugar
- Insulin
- lowers blood sugar
- Polysaccharides
-
Glycogen-CHO in humans
Starch- stored in plants
Cellulose- fiber - Glycogen
- storage form of CHO in humans
- Refined
- refers to process by which the course part of food products are removed.
- Hypothalmus
- part of the brain that tells you that you are full, thirsty, hungry
-
Enzymes
include: -
Enzymes are catalysts
disaccharides are enzymes - Digestion happens in the :
- duodenum
- Absorption happens in the :
- Jejunum
- Hypoglycemia
-
Diabetes
Juvenile (Type I)
Adult Onset (Type II)
Blood glucose below normal - Epinephrine
- Adrenaline (increased blood glucose)
- Nutra Sweet
-
Phenyl Alaninet
Aspartic Acid
contains sorbatol laxative - Peptide Bond
-
Amino acids hooked together by a bond.
A bond that connects one amino acid with another ,forming a link in a protein chain - Transferrin
- transport protein that carries iron in our bodies
- Non Essential Amino Acids
- Can be made in the body from CHO and or parts of a fat molecule
- 8-9 Essential Amino Acids
- cannot be made in the body, therefore must be obtained from food
- Limiting Amino Acids
- Found in a low concentration in certain food products
- Collagen
- fiberous protein that gives support to skin and blood vessels
- Neurotransmitters
- Amino acids that carry messages to the body
- Proteins
- compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen and arranged as strands of amino acids.
- Antibodies
- large proteins of the blood, produced by the immune system in response to an invasion of the body by foreign substances (antigens).
- Edema
- swelling of body tissue caused by leakage of fluid from the blood vessels, seen in protein deficiency.
- Marasmus
- the calorie deficient disease- starvation
- Kwashiorkor
- a disease related to protein malnutrition, with a set of recognizable symptoms, such as edema