Ecology Problems Test #1
Terms
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- abiotic
- nonliving
- biotic
- living
- Species
- the kinds of plants animals microbes in the community
- population
- the certain number of individuals that make up a species
- ecosystem
- a grouping of plants animals and microbes occupying an explicit unit of space and interacting
- biome
- a formation of major kinds of ecosystems
- ecotone
- transitional region between two adjacent ecosystems
- autotrophs
- any organism that makes its own food
- heterotrophs
- any organism that consumes organic matter as a source of energy
- carnivore
- feeds strictly on meat
- herbivore
- feeds strictly on plants
- omnivore
- feeds on plants and animals
- predator
- an animal that feeds on another organism
- parasite
- organisms that attatch themselves to a host and feed on it over a period of time
- Detritus
- the dead organic material found in an ecosystem
- decomposer
- organisms whose feeding action results in decay of organic material
- Trophic Niche
- All herbavores
- Habitat Niche
- where an animal is adapted to live
- Ecological Niche
- where an animal lives, where it nests, what it feeds on
- Consumer
- derive energy from feeding on other organisms
- Producer
- organisms that are capable of producing their own food
- Primary Consumer
- organisms that feed on plants or their products
- Secondary Consumer
- organisms that feed on animals who feed on plants
- Ecology
- Study of plants and animals and how they interact
- Environmental science
- the study of ecological principles and their application to humans
- Environmentalism
- effort to live in harmony with the global ecosystem
- Doomsayers
- people who believe the world is going to come to an end
- Pollyanna
- everything is good
- Cassandra
- Everything is bad
- Paradign
- assumption of how something should be done
- Science
- Seeking to understand the natural world with measurable observable information
- Ancient African Proverb
- earth is not ours, it is a treasure we hold in trust for our children and their children
- Margaret Mead
- Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful committed citizens can change the world, indeed it is the only thing that ever has
- Stewardship
- conserving our world and its natural resources for future generations.
- food chain
- linear progress from prodcer to consumer to scavenger to decomposer
- Earth's 4 spheres
-
hydro - water
atmos -air
bio - living things
litho - earth rocks soil - mutually supportive relationship
- both species mutually benefit from the relationship
- organism
- individual life form
- community
- population of different plants and animals in a given area
- carrying capacity
- how many organisms a cerain area can hold
- dynamic
- constantly changing
- sustainability
- earth can sustain its own natural resources
- Ethnocentric
- view of world through our own eyes
- Neomalthusians
- yes we are overpopulated due to number of people
- Overconsumptionists
- yes due to over use of resources
- Julien Simon
-
No overpopulation; no overconsumption
more babies=more brains=more answers to our problems - Megacity
- mass migration into industrial cities
- CAFO
- Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations
-
E Coli
campylobacter
salmonella - gastro intestinal diseases that spread from feces.
- What do we feed our cows
- horse and pig parts
- where does all the shit go?
- lagoons and cesspools
- what is the largest shit tank?
- 50 million gallons
- How much money annually does the US spend on treating antibiotic resistant infections.
- 300 million
- Who inspects our meat?
- companies who buy and sell the meat to us.
- How fight bacteria on meats
-
fully cook meat
never reuse plates knives etc
never eat raw eggs
rinse meat
eat less meat - cold pasteurization
- Radiation treating meat to kill bacteria
- mad cow disease
- disease that cows get from eating other cow parts; infects the brain, eats it away
- What are the steps to the scientific method
-
collect the facts
organize facts into data
analyze data for info
Redo-gather more info
Prove something - Peer Review
- other scientists review theories of other scientists to see if they are true
- law
- proven
- theory
- an assumption as to what happened
- hypothesis
- an educated guess
- Levels of awareness
-
0- realization of nature
1- acceptance of pollution
2- acceptance of " + overpopulation and overconsumption
3-" + environmental degradation
4- we belong to the earh vs. vice versa - EPA
- nixon; protection of environment
- Clean air act
- nixon; automobile emissions
- Clean water act
- nixon; sewer systems
- safe drinking water act
- nixon-ford; safe city water
- Comprehensive environmental response compensation and liability act
-
carter; super fund
well water - super fund
- tax dollars go toward something
- Endangered Species act
- nixon; protection of endangered species and their habitat
-
Federal INsecticide Fungicide and Rodenticide act
(FIFRA) - regulates poisions
- what part of the earth is made up of plants?
- All of it
- Competetive Exclusion Principle
- No 2 species ever occupy the same niche
- WHO
- World Health Organization
- sound science
- the basis for our understanding of how the world works and how humans interact with it.
- ecosystem capital
- the natural and managed ecosystems that provide essential goods and services to human enterprises
- policy and politics
- the human decisions that determine what happens to the natural world and the political process which leads to those decisions
- globalization
- the accelerating interconnectedness of human activities, ideas, and cultures
- development
- the continued improvement of living standards by economic growth
- economist
- concerned with growth, and use of our natural resources
- sociologist
- human needs and concepts
- ecologist
- preserving natural resources
- worldview
- assumptions and values that the person believes to be true about how the world works and about their place in it