Art 105 Test One
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
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The four levels of Vision
name them in order -
1.The Practical Level
2.The Curious Level
3.The Imaginative Level
4.The Aesthetic Level -
The Four Levels of Vision
1.The Practical Level -
Everyone sees the same thing, (driving
a car into the driveway).
all animals with ey balls, including humans use this -
The Four Levels of Vision
2.The Curious Level -
Concentrates on an object, yet free to look a
around, (children often use this level).
A second look, animals do it we do it. -
The Four Levels of Vision
3.The Imaginative Level -
Seeing through the mind’s eye,
(daydreaming/visualizing in your mind). -
The Four Levels of Vision
4.The Aesthetic Level -
- The highest level of vision, (seeing an
object artistically ⬦ for its beauty sake). - 1.“There really is no such thing as Art. There are only artists.†Who said this?
- -E. H. Gombrich
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1.“There really is no such thing as Art. There are only artists.â€
What do you think he meant by that statement? - There is no one definition of art. There is no one way of looking at art. A singal definition is impossible. Art with a cap A would represent the universal definition of Art and there isn't a definition that applies to everyone
- 2.Does a painting have to ‘look real’ in order to ‘look good?’
- No. Distortion can enhance the meaning of artwork emphazing an important message can stir more emotion too.
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3. Does the beauty of a painting lie in the beauty of its subject
matter? - No. It lies in the message.
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The Concept of “Styleâ€
What is it? -
The derivation of this term comes from the Latin,
stilus = an instrument used by the ancients in writing on waxed tablets, thus, a distinctive manner or characteristic. - style with a small ‘s’
- A)The individual manner of an artist e.g., the individual & unique styles of Leonardo and Michelangelo
- Style with a capital “S’
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A period of time whereby several artists share a common
set of artistic viewpoints⬦
e.g., Renaissance Art , Baroque Art, Impressionism - In the History of Art, Styles come and go and often reappear. Yet one thing remains⬦
- no matter what Style is dominant, it follows one of two trends-
- A) The Classical / Intellectual Trend
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⬢ little or no concern for feelings and emotions
⬢ an emphasis on design and composition
⬢ a cool analytical approach to the subject
⬢ strong use of rules
⬢ emphasis on neat, clean arrangements & proper proportions - B) The Romantic / Emotional Trend
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• little or no concern for design and reason
• an active and colorful interpretation of the subject
• the required participation of the viewer
• violent movement, bright & vivid colors
• strong interest in nature
• a personal approach to the subject matter (subjective)
This concept of dual trends can be investigated in G. F. Brommer’s,
Discovering Art History, Davis Publications, Inc., 1988. - Art trends swing...styles...
- ...dont stay as long as they used to. Swing like a pendulum.
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The Aesthetic Process
know order of steps -
1 observation
2 selection
3 perception
4 interpretation
5 expression - 1 observation
- an act of recognizing and noting a fact
- 2 selection
- making a choice from all that is observed
- 3. preception
- gathering a mental picture understanding what one has selected, developing an insight. To understand what one observes
- Interpretation
- the artist's significant meanings placed on the selected object
- Expression
- the representation of the artist's ideas the actual work of art.
- Two statements important to understanding abstraction
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1. All art is abstract (because it's not the real thing)
2. some artist abstract more than others -
3 degrees of abstraction
degree 1
artists -
The artist portrays (makes it look like) nature. We usually call this realism.
Andrew wyatt, rockwell, warhaul -
3 degrees of abstraction
degree 2
artists - The artist changes/distorts nature. piccaso van goh
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3 degrees of abstraction
degree 3
artists -
The artist completely abandons (can't be identified) nature. Total abstraction. Often refered to as NON-OBJECTIVE ART.
Jaxson polocks - Iconography
- The images and symbols conventionally associated with a given subject
- 2 types of subjects in every artwork. Type 1:
- The obvious subject: what all of us see in the statue, painting, etc. for example a tree, landscape, bowl of fruit, etc.
- 2 types of subjects in every artwork. Type 2:
- The Inner Subject - What the artist is attempting to say about the obvious; that i, the message or intrepretation.
- Morphololgy
- Design, structure, composition.
- The Icongraphic Approach
- Looking at a artwork in terms of whats in it, symbols, meanings.
- Narrative
- Telling a story
- Literate
- using sources from books, poems, plays, for ideas
- Religious
- depicting the spiritual world
- Landscape
- nature as the dominant theme(there can be manmade things too)
- Cityscapes
- Streets, buildings, urban life
- Historical
- memorializing an important event from the past
- Figurative
- visualizing the human form (the nude)
- the portrait
- a visual biography
- The self portrait
- a visual auto biography
- genre
- everyday life situations
- social commentary
- a visual statement about the society or world; usually negative in nature
- still life
- an arrangement of objects
- expressionistic
- when the personal and emotional feelings are strongly added into the work of art
- abstract
- when the artist simplifies the reality depicted....for example, leaving out all details of an object...making the object look less real
- Non-objective Art
- no recognizable objects
- Ground
- the surface upon which the medium is placed (paper, canvas)
- Wash
- the term used to describe the dilution of ink with water
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Media category
The Drawing media -
1. Pencil
2 charcoal
3 pen and wash
4 pastel -
Media category
The painting media -
1 fresco
2 Tempra
3 oil
4 watercolor
5 acrylic -
Media category
The printmaking media -
1 woodcut
2 intaglio (refers to below the surface)
3 lithograph
4. serigraph - 3 types of intalgio
- etching, drypoint, engraving
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Media category
The sculpture media -
1 marble
2 bronze
3 wood
4 steel - Medium
- the tools/material used by the artist
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2 types of fresco
true fresco - (also called Buon Fresco) The wet method
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2 types of fresco
dry fresco - (also called fresco Secco)
- What can tempra be mixed with?
- water or egg, thus, water tempra or egg tempra
- Who popularized the medium of oil paint?
- van Eyck
- Acrylic (facts)
- paint medium explored in the last half of the 20th c. and continues to be popular by many artists today. thinned with water and easy to clean up, acrylics dry rapidly and can be heavily applied like oils and transparent like watercolors. Their versatility has made them extremely popular, especially for some of the hard-edged techniques requiring absolute control.
- Intaglio (meaning below the surface)is a printmaking technique. 3 gen types:
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a. etching (using an acid metal plate to eat away the metal surface)
b. drypoint (using a sharp pick-like tool to scratch the metal surface)
c. engraving (using a tool called a bruin(ON TEST) to carve into the metal plate) - Lithography (another printmaking method)
- a flat surface technique using the principle of ink and grease crayon don't mix
- A serigraph or silk screen
- a print making method using a screen, stencil, and ink. Andy Warhol used this medium many times.
- Sapere Vedere
- be able to see
- artist of the crusifiction
- Grunewald
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Re present ation
Representtation - visual art
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3 Ways arists can represent
Representational art - its realistic, naturalistic, illusionistic, realistic
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3 Ways arists can represent
Abstract - Leaving out all the stuff that isn't needed. Guarnica by Picasso
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3 Ways arists can represent
Nonobjective/nonrepresentational - Textures, forms
- mudra
- symbolic hand gestures
- Who painted the marriage of Viovanni Arnolfini and Giovanna Cenami
- Jan van Eyck
- brides green dress
- natural fertility
- swelling stomach
- female beauty
- grooms removed shoes
- shows holy ground
- single candle burning
- presence of christ
- dog
- faithfulness, marital fidelity.