history 1st pd
Terms
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- Columbian Exchange
- the global transfer of plants,animals,and diseases that occured during the European colonization of the America
- artifact
- human made object,such as a tool,weapon, or piece of jwelery.
- Neolitic Revolution
- The major change in human life caused by the beginnings of farming
- Civilization
- a form of culture characterized by cities, specialized workers,complex institutions, record keeping, n advance technology.
- theocracy
- a government in which ruler is viewed as a divine figure
- tyrant
- a powerful individual who gained control of a city-states government by appealing to the poor for support.
- specialization
- the development of skills a in a particular kind of work, such as trading or record keeping
- Neolithic Age
- a prehistoric period that began abot 8000BC during which people learned to polish stones.
- monotheism
- a belief in a single god.
- Persian War
- a series of wars in the fifth centuryBC in which greek city-states battled the persian empire
- trojan war
- a war,fought around 1200 B.C, in which an army led by Mycenean kings attacked the independent
- Mestizao
- a person of mixed spanish and Native American ancestry
- Democracy
- A government controlled by its citizens, either directly or through representatives.
- Crop Rotation
- the system of growing a different crop in a field year to preserve the furtillity of the land
- Plebian
- One of the common farmers,artisians, and merchants who made up most of the population.
- Barter
- form of trade in which people exchange goods and services without the use of money.
- Simony
- the selling or buying of a position in a christian church
- pax romana
- a period of peace nd prosperity throughout thoman Empire,lasting from 27 B.C to A.D. 180
- Factors of production
- the resources including land,labor,and capital- that are needed to produce goods and services
- scribe
- one of the proffesional record keepers in early civilizations
- middle passage
- the voyage that brought captured Africans to the West Indies, and later to North and South America, to be sold as slaves
- vassal
- in reudal europe,a person who recieved a grant of land from a lord in exchange for a pledge of loyalty and services
- Industrial revolution
- the shift, the beginning in England during the18th century, from making goods by hand to making them by machinw
- domesticaton
- the taming of animals for human use
- Patrician
- in acient Rome , a member of the wealthy, privileged upper class.
- Inquisition
- a roman catholic tribunal for investigaying and prosecuting charges of hersy
- hunter-gatherer
- a member of a nomadic group whose food supply depends on hunting animals and collecting plant foods.
- Urbanization
- the growth of cities and the migration of people into them.
- three field system
- a system of farming developed in medieval Europe, in which farmland was divided into three fields of equal size
- Hellenistic
- relating to the civilization language,art,science, and literature of greek word
- Monastery
- a religious community of men who have given up their possesions to devote themselves to a life of prayer and worship.
- Nomad
- a member of a grop that has no permanent home,wandering from place to place in search of food and water.
- Guild
- a medieval association of people working at the same occupation, which controlled its members wages and prices.
- Republic
- a form of government in which power is in the hands of representatives and leaders are elected by citizens who have the right to vote.
- fief
- an estate granted to a vassal by a lord under the feudal system
- Minoans
- a seafaring and trading people that lived on the island of Crete from about 2000 to 1400 B.C
- Puritains
- a group of people who sought freedomfrom religious persecution in England by founding a colony at Massachusetts Bay in the early 1600s.
- Colony
- land controlled by another nation
- vassal
- a person who recieved a gran of land from a lord in exchange for a pledge of loyalty and services
- Conquistador
- spanish soldiers,explorers, n fortune hunters.
- Entrepreneur
- a person who organizes,manages, and taking on the risk of buisness.