History, Section 5
Terms
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- Holy book of the Muslims
- Koran
- Muhammad had the _______ in the __________ destroyed
- statues in the Kaaba
- Contains some writings that are also in the Bible
- Koran
- Muhammad announced that the ______ ______ was ______ and that Mecca was still a holy city
- black stone was sacred
- Journey to Medina was called the _____
- Hegina or Hijira
- Hegina or Hijira means
- "flight"
- The year marks the beginning of the Muslim calendar
- The Hijira or Hegina
- In _______, many began to follow his teachings
- Medina, Muhammad's
- In AD 630, Muhammad took control of _____
- Mecca
- They were organized into tribes
- Arabs
- Each tribe had a chieftain called a _____
- sheik
- Most ____ worshipped many gods
- Arabs
- ______ was considered a holy city
- Mecca
- In Mecca, there was a shrine called the ______- it contained a black stone which the Arabs considered holy
- Kaaba
- The Kaaba contained _______ of _____ _____
- statues of Arab gods
- Many _____ visited the _____ to worship and pray
- Arabs visited the Kaaba
- Born in Mecca (located in present day Saudi Arabia) about AD 579
- Muhammad
- At age 40 he said he was told by an angel that there was only one God adn that he was to be Allah's prophet
- Muhammad
- Muhammad began preaching-his religion was later known as ______
- Islam
- means "submission to the will of Allah"
- Islam
- His follows were called ___________ or _______
- Muslims or Moslems
- Why did the leaders of Mecca oppose him?
- They feared his preaching would decrease the number of people who visited the Kaaba
- What was another reason the businessmen in Mecca feared Muhammed's teachings?
- They feared he was gaining too much power
- Who threatened to kill Mohammed?
- The businessmen of Mecca
- ____________ and some followers left ______ and settled in the city of _________
- Muhammad left Mecca and settled in the city of Medina
- A group that lived in the Middle East
- Arabs
- Most were nomads
- Arabs
- More radical
- Shiites
- Today Muslim _________ or _________ (some Sunnites and Shiites have numerous terrorists groups including
-
1. Islamic Jihad
2. Homas
3. Al Quaida
4. Hez Bollah - When an area was conquered, non-Muslims were given three choices
- 1.Become a Muslim
- Name three choices non Muslims faced
-
1. become a muslim
2. pay heavy taxes (were allowed to follow own religion, did not have as many rights as Muslims)
3. Die - Two main groups of Muslims developed and still exist today
- The Sunnites and the Shiites
- Vast majority of today's Muslims are ______
- Sunnites
- The _____ forbids gambling, eating pork and drinking wine
- Koran
- The Koran forbids eating ______, drinking _____ and ______
- pork wine and gambling
- Muslims do not believe that ______ was a god
- Muhammad
- Five Pillars of Islam
-
1. Believe that there is only one God
2.Pray 5 times a day
3. Give alms
4. Fast for Ramadan
5. Take a pilgrimage to Mecca at least once - Muslims believe ___________ was a ____________
- Muhammad was a prophet
- They believe Muhammad was the ______ and _______ __________
- last and greatest prophet
- Jesus is considered to be __________ by muslims, however they do not believe he was _____
- a prophet, he was not divine
- Muslim place of worship is called a ______
- mosque
- Each leader of Islam after Muhammad's death was called a ________
- caliph
- Caliph means
- "successor"
- Fighting among Muslims occurred concerning who would be the next caliph-and some of the early
- caliphs were murdered
- Muslim armies conquered large areas in the ________ _____, _____ _______ and ______
- Middle East, North Africa and Spain
- This fighting was called _______ or ____ _____
- jihad or holy war
- Muslims believed those who died in battle would immediately fo to ____________ and _________ ______ _______ ______
- Paradise and recieve great rewards there
- Vast majority of today's Arabs are ______
- Muslims
- Civil service examinations-in order to work for the Chinese government a person had
- to pass these tests
- Printing-invented AD 600, previously all items had to be copied
- by hand
- Invented AD 1000
- Gunpowder
- Name two inventions of the Chinese
- Gunpowder and printing
- Mongols during the Middle Ages conquered most of ____ including _______,______ and ______
- Asia including Russia, India and China
- The Mongols were
- Excellent horsemen
- The Mongols were known for their
- brutality
- The Mongols carried ___ _______
- few supplies
- The Mongols could ______ at unbelievable _____
- travel at unbelievable speed
- The Mongols sometimes slaughtered _____ cities of________
- whole cities of people
- The Mongols could travel at ______ _____
- unbelievable speed
- Ruler was called "______" which meant _______ or ________
- Khan, which meant ruler or emperor
- The Mongol's most famous emperors were ________ ______ and ____________ _____
- Ghengis Khan and Kublai Khan
- First person to unite the warring tribes
- Ghengis Khan
- Formed a huge army
- Ghengis Khan
- Lived 1216-1227, Grandson of Genghis Khan
- Kublai Khan
- Ruled all of China
- Kublai Khan
- Made Beijing, China one of the world's most magnificent cities
- Kublai Khan
- Kublai Khan's empire was visited by an Italian merchant named
- Marco Polo
- Spent many years in China
- Marco Polo
- Later he wrote a book about his visits
- Marco Polo
- Until _____'s trip Europeans knew little about ___
- Polo's, China
- Japanese believed the emperor was a descendant of the __ _____________
- sun goddess
- Japanese believed emperors were _______ even until the ________ ___________
- divine, even until the twentieth century
- Oldest religion in Japan
- Shinto
- This religion that is exclusive in Japan is polytheistic
- Shinto
- Gods were called "______"
- kami
- ________ is a form of ________ _________, the gods and spirits were believed to be everywhere in nature
- Shinto is a form of nature worship
- This Japanese religion has not spread to other countries
- Shinto
- ____________ and _______________ later became popular in Japan
- Buddhism and Confucianism
- Some Japanese practice more that one of these three religions
- Buddhism, Shintoism, Confucianism
- Early Japan was divided into ______
- clans
- Early Japan was dvided into clans (similar to tribes
- groups of related families
-
Emperor was a _____________, the real power was held by _
___ ______ - figurehead, the real power was held by clan leaders
- Title of Japan's supreme military commander (top general) was a ______________
- shogun
- The ________ was supposed to be under the emperor's control, bu the ______ actually had more power
- shogun
- Soldiers similar to European knishts during the Midle Ages
- Samurai
- Only they were permitted to carry swords
- Samurai
- Code of conduct samurai had to follow
- Bushido
- If they failed to follow Bushido, they were expected to commit a ritual suicide called _______ or ______
- seppuku or hara-kiri
- ___________ _______ twice sent invading forces of Mongols to try to capture Japan
- Kublai Khan
- In the second attempt, many of the Mongol ships were destroyed by a _______
- tyhpoon
- The Japanese called the typhoon the ___________ or "_________ ______"
- Kamikaze or divine wind
- Japanese pilots during World War Two who deliberately crashed into ships were called ___________ ____
- kamikaze pilots
- The first people to settle in North, Central and South America probably came from Asia across teh ________ ______ (off the coast of present-day Alaska_
- Bering Strait
- The first people to settle in North, Central and South America were later called
- Indians
- Name three advanced Indian civilization
-
1. Mayas
2. Aztecs
3. Incas - Settled on the Yucatan Peninsula ( in present day Mexico) and in nearby areas of central America
- Mayas
- Lived in central Mexico, capital city located on the site of present day Mexico City, offered human sacrifices to please their gods.
- Aztecs
- lived in the andes mountains of south america
- incas