Male Reproductive 2

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sex cells=gametes male gamete sperm female ovum egg: balan/o penis
orch/o
orchi/o
orchid/o testis
prostat/o prostate gland scrot/o scrotum urethr/o urethra vas/o vas deferens: meet in female's reproductive system create new individual
male repro system penis epididymis scrotum seminal vesicles testicles prostate gland vas deferens: some visible some hidden
male repro system essential to perpetuation of life female dependent fertilization: testosterone
hormone boys to men without it men wouldn't be able to make sperm reproduction impossible
both male and female produce nourish and transport egg or sperm: male genitals**** inside and out testicles duct system epididymis vas deferens accessory glands and penis
testicles ***testes produce and store sperm cells counterpart of ovaries oval 1 inch produce hormones testeosterone stimulates production sperm and facilitates maturation: duct system*** = epididymis vas deferens each epi lies against tesstes coiled tubes stores matures spermatoza
epididymis transports sperm to vas deferens (continuation of epididymis) goes to prostatic urethra ends as ejaculatory duct: epididymis and vas deferens in pouch-like structure scrotum
accessory glands*** and seminal vesicles and prostate gland fluids semen lubricate duct system nourish sperm: seminal vesicles*** saclike structures attached to vas deferens side of bladder
prostate gland produces components sof semen surrounds ejaculatory ducts base of urethra below bladder: urethra carries semen throough penis urethra discharges urine
penis ***
shaft main part
glans tip
foreskin: inside penis
spongy tissue expand and contracts
sensation within penis by dorsal ***penile nerves branches sof internal pudendal*** nerves which send signals to muscles control ejaculation: erection due to nerves called nervi erigentes
blood flow in penis by cavernous arteries branches of penile artery: cavernous arteries middle of corpora cavernosa chambers separate to form numerous spiral branches helicine*** arteries supplies blood to erection-forming tissuke
blood leaves penis 3 major veins: 1 deep dorsal vein drains most blood from penile chambers corpora cavernosa corpus spongiosum and glands penis
2 intermediate cavernous and crural veins: 3 superficial dorsal vein
urethra carries urine from bladder app 8-9" from bladder neck to end of penis: urethra*** 3 portions
prostatic membranous and spongy portions
prostatic
widest part of tube throgh prostate gland ***walls fibrous tissue muscle fibers glandular openings connect to prostate gland ejaculatory ducts of prostate direct semen into urethra: membranous portion
3/4" long between triangular ligaments of male pelvis
spongy portion longest part of urethra extends through body of penis exits at glands urethra surrounded and protected by corpus spongiosum: scrotum
loose pouch skin scrotal sac hold and protect*** testicles make sperm temp lower than inside body outside the body to keep temp at 92-93degrees 6 degrees lower than body
scrotum can change size maintain right temp cold shrinks tighter to hold heat warm becomes larger floppy rid heat brain and nervous system: testes
sperm-producing glands in scrotum egg-shaped organs 2" secrete androgenic hormone testosterone*** fertile male needs one testis and tubular system manufacture and carry sperm
scrotum
protects testicles outside body coiled ***tubes inside testicles make sperm cells rest of life 100 mill each daiy sperm 1/600" long: testosterone
develop deper voices bigger muscles body and facial hair
epididymis
long coiled tube on top of behind each testicle transport sperm from testicle through epididymis 4-6*** weeks to travel: after epididymis sperm out of scrotal sac via vas deferens mill sperm enter vas each day
vas deferens extends from epididymis** to urethra connects the two parts also storehouse for sperm: seminal vesicles and prostate gland responsible for producing fluids mix with sperm create semen**
semen
fluid leaves penis ejaculate sperm pumped oput through vas deferens** mix with semen from seminal vesicles and prostate gland travel out urethra: each ejaculation
can contain 500 mill*** sperm
male sex organs work together produce semen release sperm to female produce and secrete sex hormones: puberty
hormones male to mature man 9-14 pituitary gland stimulates testicles produce testosterone for sexual changes to set sequence
first stage growth of scrotum and testes penis longer seminal vesicles prostate gland grow hair appears pubic area 2 years later face and underarms voice deepens first ejaculation growth spurt: adult male produces mill sperm cells erery day developed in testicles in system of tubes called seminiferous tubules
seminiferous tubules***
baby tubules simple round cells puberty testosterone other hormones cause cells divide and change thin with head and tail tadpoles**: sperm
head contains genetic ***material genes
tails used to propel themselves into epididymis complete development
after epididymis sperm move to vas deferens or sperm duct: seminal vesicles and prostate gland produce whitish fluid seminal fliid mixes with sperm to for semen
tissues in penis fills with blood erect muscles around reproductive organs contract and force semen through duct system and urethra***: semen expelled from body through uethra inside penis process called ejaculation
milliliter of semen 100*** mill sperm
sperm manufactured in seminiferous tubules*** in each testicle head carries DNA combined with egg's DNA create individual: sperm head
called acrosome penetrates egg
mid-piece contains mitochondria supplies energy tail needs to move
tail whip-like movements propel sperm to egg
reach uterus and fallopian tube to fertilize
rigidity of erect penis aids insertion into vagina semen deposited into vagina sperm up uterus help from uterine contractions: if mature egg available single sperm pentetrates fertilization occurs conception
fertilized egg zygote contains 46 chromosomes half from egg half from sperm: cell divides again and again in uterus
Testicular Disorders
testicular trauma***
slightest injury severe pain burising swelling sports athletic cups: testicular torsion***
12-18yrs. testicle twists on spermatic cord trauma actiity or no reason 1in 4000 younger 25
undescended tisticles ***
not descended into scrotum at birth surgery: testicular cancer***
common under40 cells in testes divide early cure excellent Lance armsstrong spread to abdodmen lungs brain
epididymitis***
inflammation coiled tubes connect testes with vas deferens STDs chlamydia pain swelling back testicle: hydrocele***
flid in membranes surrounding testes birth or later swelling of testicle painless draw out fluid needle
inguinal hernias***
intestines through abdominal wall into groin scrotum bulge swelling in groin area surgery: anorchia***
congential absence both testes
cyptorchism***
cnogenital 1-2 testicles in abdominal cavity not descended at birth: Penile Disorders

hypospadias
birth defect opeining of urethra wrong place underside of penis surgery
phimosis***
tightening of foreskin of penis children resolves w/o treatment: ambiguous genitalia***
aren't clearly male or female
micropenis***
below average size: balanitis ***
inflammation of glans penis phimosis
circumcision foreskin removed religious besliefs hygiend cultural social reasons: sterility/infertility
does not produce sperm or not enough abnormalikties of repro organs inflammation alcoholism STDs
impotence unable acheive erection sustain common physical/psychological aging meds disease depression anxiety stress: varicocele
infertility due to varicose vein in testicles poor circulation decreased spem production
priapism ***
stays erect leads to damage to erectile bodies persisting high pressures 6 hours or beyond erectile bodies damaged: Peyronies disease***
curved penis scar tissue pulling one sice sometimes cause unknown
erectile dysfunction ED***
total inablility acheive erection inconsistent or tendency briefly: azoopermia***
absence of sperm in semen
epispadias congential***
opeing of urethra not in correct place: hypospadias***
common opeing on underside not at end of penis
oligospermia***
low sperm count

testitis****
orchitis inflammation of testis: prostatitis***
general term family of diseases inflammation or pain prostate region
benign prostatic hypertrophy***
common prostate gland enlarged man ages BPH: BPH
penile tumescence self test checks for nighttime erections physically capable outcome will determine cause of erectile dysfunction treatment options 3 nights stamps wrapepd around mid shaft if stamps broken swelled and hardened: penile implant ***
device inside penis
circumcision***
surgical removal of foreskin: orchiopexy***
undescended testicle (cryptorchism) repair correct surgery
prostatectomy***
surgical removal all or part of prostate gland: TURP***
transurethral resection of the prostate
removal of all or part of prostate through urethra
vasectomy***
tie the tubes vas deferens permanent sterility small incisison upper part of sscrotum: semen analysis ***
sperm count test performed if fertility in question sperm production or quality of sperm
drug therapy
meds improve sperm production hormonal*** dysfunction infections fight sperm antibodies: administration of testosterone for deficiency
Tamoxifen Nolvadex
antiestrogen agent
stimulate gonadotropin male hormone release testos produc
stomy opening mouth****: antibiotics s
levofloxacin** Levaquin
doxycycline Periostat
fertility-impairing infections of urinarpy tract testes and prostate STDs
Types of Drugs antiestrogens aromatase inhibitors gonadotropins: kallikrein
indomethacin
phosphodiesterase inhibitors
low dose corticossteroids
androgens zinc: vit C E A
other antioxidants

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Deck Info

Number of cards 52