Mod B Remington college
Terms
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- the _____ is responsible for amino acid metabolism
- liver
- what is glycogenesis
- conversion of glucose into complex sugar for storage
- _________ is the complex sugar stored in the liver for when sugar is extremely low
- glycogen
- when the liver breaks glycogen into glucose and releases it into the blood it is called what
- glycogenolysis
- Phagocytosis, phagocytosis, detoxification and storage of vital nutrients are done by
- liver
- located on the underside of and connected to the liver is the what
- gallbladder
- where is the cystic duct
- connecting the gallbladder to the liver
- where is the common bile duct located
- at the joint of the cystic duct and the hepatic duct
- when does the gallbladder release bile
- when chime with fat contents are detected in the chyme in the duodenum
- what is the route of bile
- from the cystic duct to the common duct to the duodenum
- why is bile important
- it helps to emulsify fats
- where is the pancreas located
- upper left quadrant behind the stomah
- what is the exocrine function of the pancreas
- manufacture trypsin for protein breakdownm pancreatic lipase for fat breakdown, pancreatic amylase for carb breakdown and sodium bicarbonate to neutralize acidic stomach contents
- where is the main pancreatic duct
- extends the length of the pancrease
- endocrine functions of the pancreas
- manufacture insulin
- what is the function of insulin
- to make it possible for glucose to bass from blood through cell membranes to be used for energy and to promote conversion of glucose into glycogen
- glucagon is what
- a hormone that stimulates the liver to convert glycogen into glucose when the body needs it
- which cells secrete insulin
- alpha cells
- baby teeth are also called primary teeth and _________ _____
- deciduous teeth
- how many deciduous teeth do humans have
- 10 on top and 10 on bottom
- secondary teeth are also
- permanent teeth
- there are ____ top and ___ bottom secondary teeth
- 16 16
- chisel shaped with sharp edges for biting
- incisors
- single poin useful for grasping and tearing food
- canine or cuspid
- flat surfaces with multiple cusps for crushing and grinding food
- bicuspids (premolars) and molars
- name the parts of the tooth
- crown, enamel, neck, root, root canal, dentin, and cementum
- the _____ is the visible part of the tooth which is covered by ______, the hardest substance in the body
- crown, enamel
- where is the neck of the tooth located
- just below the gumline
- which part of the tooth is embeded in the jaw bone
- root
- the central core is also called the pulp cavity
- root canal
- the bulk of the tooth is
- dentin
- the neck and root areas are surrounded by a thin hardened connective tissue called
- cementum
- amyl/o
- starch
- -ase
- enzyme
- -us
- noun ending
- lith/o
- stone;calculus
- -iasis
- presence of abnormal condition
- duoden/o
- duodenum
- -um
- noun ending
- esophag/o
- esophagus
- gastr/o
- stomach
- enter/o
- intestine
- -logist
- one who specializes in the study of
- gingiv/o
- gums
- -a
- noun ending
- gluc/o
- sugar, sweet
- -gen
- that which generates
- -genesis
- the production or formation of
- -lysis
- destruction or detatchment
- hepat/o
- liver
- cyt/o
- cell
- -e
- noun ending
- ile/o
- ileum
- jejun/o
- jejunum
- lip/o
- fat
- cardi/o
- heart
- -ac
- pertaining to
- or/o
- mouth
- pharyng/o
- pharynx
- rect/o
- rectum
- append/o
- appendix
- appendic/o
- appendix
- bil/i
- bile
- bucc/o
- cheek
- cec/o
- cecum
- celi/o
- pertaining to the abdomen
- -cemtesos
- surgical puncture
- cheil/o
- lips
- cholecyst/o
- gallbladder
- cirrh/o
- yellow, tawny
- col/o
- colon
- colon/o
- colon
- dent/o
- tooth
- -ectasia
- stretching or dialation
- -emesis
- to vomit
- gloss/o
- tongue
- lapar/o
- abdominal wall
- lingu/o
- tongue
- mandibul/o
- mandible
- odont/o
- teeth
- pancreat/o
- pancreas
- -pepsia
- state of digestion
- -phagia
- to eat
- peritone/o
- peritoneum
- -plasty
- surgical repair
- proct/o
- anus or rectum
- -rrhagia
- excessive flow or discharge
- -rrhaphy
- suturing
- sial/o
- salivary gland; saliva
- sigmoin/o
- sigmoid colon
- -spasm
- twitching; involuntary contraction
- steat/o
- fat
- stomat/o
- mouth
- -tresia
- perforation
- -tripsy
- intentional crushing
- absence of hydrochloric acid in the gastric juices
- achlorhydria
- inability to eat
- anorexia
- loss of the ability to swallow
- aphagia
- abnormal accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavith; contains large amounts of protein and electrolytes
- ascites
- rumbling, gurgling and tinkling noises heard when listening to the abdomin with a stethascope
- borborygmus
- uncomfortable feeling of fullness, heartburn, bloating, and nausea
- dyspepsia
- difficulty swallowing commonly associated with obstructive or motor disorders of the esophagus
- dysphagia
- excessive leanness caused by disease or lack of nutrition
- emaciation
- vomiting
- emesis
- belching
- eructation
- passing gas through the rectum
- flatus or flatulence
- backflow of contents of the stomach into the esophagus that is often the result of incompetence of the lower esophageal sphincter
- gastroesophageal lreflux
- jaundice
- icterus
- abnormal, black, tarry stool containing digested blood
- melena
- unpleasant sensation leading to the urge to vomit
- nausea
- common chronic condition of itching or the skin around the anus
- pruritus ani
- greater than normal amounts of fat in the feces characterized by frothy foul-smelling fecal matter that floats as in celia disease
- steatorrhea
- vomit
- to expel the contents of the stomach through the esophagus and out of the mouth
- decrease mobitlity of the lower two-thirds of the esophagus along with constriction of the lower esophagus
- achalasia
- an abnormal passageway in the skin surface near the anus usually connecting with the rectum; may occur as a result of a draining abscess
- anal fistula
- noninfectious ulcerated lesions occurring on the lips, tongue and inside the mouth; also called canker sores
- aphthous stomatitis
- nutrient malabsorption due to damaged small bowel mucosa; occurs because of ingestion of gluten-containing foods
- celiac disease
- clinical manifestations of gluten-sensitive disease of the small intestine, when untreated, include steatorrhea, abdominal distension, and a malnourished appearance
- celiac disease
- indicates a large number of polyps in the large bowel
- chronic polyposis
- small growth projecting from a mucous membrane
- polyp
- disease of the liver that is chronic and degenerative causing injury to the hepatocytes
- cirrhosis
- presence of a malignant neoplasm in the large intestine
- colorectal cancer
- risk factors including the ingestion of a high-fat, low-residue diet that is high in refined foods, a history of crohns disease, ulcerative colitis, ibs, or familial polyposis
- colorectal cancer
- digestive tract inflammation of a chronic nature causing fever, cramping, diarrhea, weight loss, and anorexia
- crohns disease
- tooth decay caused by acid-forming microorganisms
- dental caries