Scientific
Terms
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- Kepler
- discovered planets have elliptical orbits
- Locke
- believed in natural rights; life, liberty, and property
- Voltaire
- French writer and philosopher who believed in religious tolerance; separation of church and state
- Puritans
- religious group who wanted greater reforms of English church
- Sam Johnson
- compiled first comprehensive English dictionary
- Hooke
- discovered cells
- Quakers
- religious group known as "Society of Friends"; hated violence and supported humanitarian causes
- Galileo
- invented telescope; discovered other planets have moons
- Reason
- think coherently and logically; draw conclusions from facts
- Montesquieu
- believed in separation of powers
- Newton
- English scientist; discovered gravity, laws of motion, calculus
- Pilgrims
- English Puritans who founded Plymouth colony in 1620
- Linnaneus
- botanist who developed first successful classification system for living things
- Harvey
- discovered heart pumps blood
- Boyle
- discovered air is made of gases
- Copernicus
- discovered Earth orbits the Sun; Earth rotates on its axis
- Orrery
- popular 18th century toy that mimmicked way planets move around sun
- Rousseau
- French Enlightenment philosopher who believed mankind was basically good and extolled power and beauty of emotions
- Lavoisier
- discovered how materials burn
- Beccaria
- believed in reform of criminal justice system
- scientific method
- approach to scientific research developed by Isaac Newton