Scientific Revolution
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- What is the belief that the sun is the center of the universe?
- heliocentrism
- Who discovered a vaccine for smallpox?
- Edward Jenner
- Describe the importance of Newton
- universal gravity, study of optics, calculus, etc.
- What classical civilization had the greatest influence on Europeans 'understanding of the universe?
- the Greeks (Ptolemy & Aritstotle)
- Which scientist described the universe as a gaint machine?
- Newton
- Name the author of "Gulliver's Travels" who challenges the so-called advances made by science.
- Jonathon Swift
- Name some of the important new inventions that helped to advance scientific knowledge in the 17th century.
- microscope, sextant, adding machine, barometer
- What 2 nations had the first royal scientific institutions in Europe?
- England & France
- Name the Danish nobleman who collected 20 years of data on planetary motion
- Tycho Brahe
- According to Locke, what was the mind at birth?
- tabula rasa
- Name the 2 paintings by Vermeer that show the importance of the new developments in scientific technology
- "The Astronomer" & "The Geographer"
- Name a women who made an important contribution to science in the 17th century
- Margaret Cavendish
- Who promoted an absolute monarchy with his "Leviathon"?
- Hobbes
- Who were the "cunning folk"?
- villagers who claimed magical powers (many of which were single or elderly women)
- Who declared that knowledge is power?
- Bacon
- What percent of the witch hunt victims were women?
- 80
- What is the belief that the earth is the center of the universe?
- geocentric
- What were some of the misconceptions most people had about the world before 1500?
- rest was natural state, earth at center, universe is "perfect", planets in circles, earth is corrupt-heavens unchanging,
- Who discovered that the heart pumps blood throughout the body?
- William Harvey
- Who made the discovery that planets move in elliptical orbits?
- Kepler
- Who was called the father of human anatomy?
- Vesalius
- How did the Church help promote the witch hunts?
- heretical belief & the practice of exorcism
- Who was the father of the emperical method known as induction?
- Sir Francis Bacon
- Who described the idols of the mind?
- Bacon
- What was the view of women in regards to science in the 17th century?
- they were naive, emotional, intellectually weak; lacked opportunities
- What area of Europe was considered to be the "center" of the SR?
- NW-England, Netherlands, Scotland, northern France
- Who was the first to publicly advance the Copernican world system?
- Galileo
- How many individuals were involved in pushing forward the "Scientific Revolution"?
- less than 100
- What revolutions does Locke have an influence upon?
- Glorious Revolution, American Revolution, & somewhat the French Revolution
- Who is the father of the deductive method known as rationalsim?
- Rene Descartes
- Why were women associated with witchcraft?
- economics, midwifery, misogyny, etc
- According to the planetary system based on Ptolemy, what did planets rotate on?
- crystalline spheres
- What was the goal of science for Sir Francis Bacon?
- human improvement/benefit
- Why did witch hunts subside?
- new sciences worldview, advances in medicine, devil more manageable in literature, etc.
- Who declared, "I think, therefore, I am"
- Descartes
- Name some institutions that helped to advance science in the 17th century.
- universities, scientific societies, craftsmen, monarchies
- Meetings of witches were known as....
- sabbats