Dark Ages
Terms
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- Kaaba
- (Islam) a black stone building in Mecca that is shaped like a cube and that is the most sacred Muslim pilgrim shrine
- vassal
- a person holding a fief
- partriarch
- Father or head archbishops of the Orthodox church.
- Palestine
- an ancient country is southwestern Asia on the east coast of the Mediterranean
- fief
- a piece of land held under the feudal system
- feudal system
- A system of ownership usually associated with pre-colonial England, in which the king or other sovereign is the source of all rights. The right to possess real property was granted by the sovereign to an individual as a life estate only. Upon the death of the individual, title passed back to the sovereign, not to the decedent's heirs.
- Orleans
- a long siege by the English was relieved by Joan of Arc in 1429
- jihad
- a holy struggle or striving by a Muslim for a moral or spiritual or political goal
- Shiite
- a member of the branch of Islam that regards Ali as the legitimate successor to Mohammed and rejects the first three caliphs
- tenant
- an opinion, belief, or principle held to be true, a holder of buildings or lands by any kind of title (as ownership or lease)
- Seljuk Turks
- The threat of this new Muslims led to the call for a crusade.
- clergy
- A body of officials who perform religious services, such as priests, ministers or rabbis.
- troubadour
- A traveling poet and musician of the Middle Ages.
- Sunni
- one of the two main branches of orthodox Islam
- Runnymede
- A meadow, beside the river Thames, were the discussion of what was to be on the Magna Carta was discussed
- excommunicate
- to expel or prevent someone from taking part in Church life; in the Middle Ages, Catholic Church leaders threatened to excommunicate a lord who rebelled against Church Power
- Medina
- where did Muhammed travel after being trhown out of Mecca
- icon
- a conventional religious painting in oil on a small wooden panel
- guild
- a formal association of people with similar interests
- Saladin
- (1137-1193) Powerful Muslim ruler during Third Crusade, defeated Christians at Hattin took Jerusalem
- serf
- (Middle Ages) a person who is bound to the land and owned by the feudal lord
- orthodox
- of or relating to or characteristic of the Eastern Orthodox Church
- minaret
- tower used to call Muslims to prayer
- hegira
- the flight of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in 622 which marked the beginning of the Muslim era
- caliph
- the civil and religious leader of a Muslim state considered to be a representative of Allah on earth