Science (Ch. 9) organic chemistry
organic chemistry
Terms
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- Combustion of fossil fuels
- The primary products are carbon dioxide and water (the energy released from fossil fuels through combustion is sued to heat buildings, cook food, or for transportation).
- Incomplete combustion
- makes carbonmonooxide (a poison) and water.
- Alkanes
- single bonds between carbon atoms (C-C)
- Polymer
- a large molecule formed when many smaller molecules are linked together by covalent bonds (Natural are biological molecules ex. protien, and synthetic is manufactured in factories ex. polar fleece)..
- Organic Compounds
- Compounds that contain carbon and hydrogen, often combined with a few other elements such as oxygen or nitrogen.
- Monomer
- small organic compounds which are the building blocks of polymers.
- Photosynthesis
- a process in which plants chemically combine carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates, a process associated with plants containing chlorophyll.
- Aromatic hydrocarbons
- hydrocarbons that contain a ring structure similar to benzene.
- Acid Rain
- The combustion of fossil fuels causes the acidity of rain to increase. (nitrogen and sulfur come up from the coal and creates acid rain)
- Isomers
- Organic compounds with the same molecular formula but with different structural formulas. (other structural formulas include branched chains, straight chains, and rings).
- Hydroxyl group
- -OH often associated with alcohol
- Alkenes
- Double bonds between carbon atoms: C=C.
- Alkynes
- Triple bonds between carbon atoms: C(3 lines)C
- respiration
- a process in which plants and animals burn carbohydrates and break them down into CO2 and H2O.
- Complete combustion
- makes carbondioxide and water.
- Hydrocarbon
- An organic compound that contains only the elements hydrogen and carbon.