Vocabulary Goal Two
The Revolutionary War & Road to The War
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- Whigs
- Opponents of the King
- George Greenville
- British Chancellor of the exchequer (secretary/chief administrative officer of the treasury); responsible for taxing the colonists
- Virtual Representation
- Parliament represented everyone who lived in the British Empire even if they (colonists) had not elected the members of the Parliament
- Public/ Civic Virtue
- sacrifice of self-interest for the public good
- Revenue Act/ Sugar Act
- tac for purpose of generating revenue rather than for protecting the colonists
- Stamp Act
- caused the most widespread anger because it affected all colonists in all 13 colonies. Colonial response was to boycott, which led to the repeal of the act.
- Virginia Resolves
- Patrick Henry's response to the Stamp Act arguing that the colonists, not Parliament, had the right to tax themselves.
- Stamp Act Congress
- Massachusetts' response to the Stamp Act & Patrick Henry's Resolves; intercolonial meeting in which representatives from 9 of the 13 colonies met
- Tories
- members of a political party in Great Britain that favored royal authority over Parliament; called Loyalists
- Sons of Liberty
- Patriots who persuaded/ coerced merchants to boycott British goods; made their opinions concerning the monarch public; burned effigies of tac collectors
- Declaratory Act
- Passed over the repeal of the Stamp Act as a reminder to the colonists that Great Britain was still in charge
- Townshend Duties
- another attempt to gain revenue from the colonists by taxing items only obtained from England like glass, tea, paint, paper & lead. The goal was to generate enough money to pay the colonial governors so they would no longer be at the mercy of the colonial governments. The colonial response was to boycott. The taxes hurt Britain more than the US because the colonists began to develop their own industries and make own good. This was repealed except the tax on tea.
- Quartering Act
- required the colonists to supply the British Troops with food and lodging during peacetime; colonists felt it violated their right to privacy and property
- The Gaspee Incident
- The Gaspee was a British ship that a group of Rhode Island colonists dressed in disguise burned down
- Christian Sparta
- an ideal commonwealth in which the citizens would protect their Community
- Samuel Adams
- a revolutionary who started the committees of correspondence to spread the word to other colonists about the mistreatment they were receiving from British; an idea copied by other colonies; example of political unity among the colonies
- Boston Tea Party
- a group of colonists dressed as Indians boarded the British ships and dumped the tea
- Coercive Acts
- acts passed in response to the Boston Tea Party to make Massachusetts for the tea they dumped; colonist called them the Intolerable Acts
- Quebec Act
- Reorganized the government in Quebec, not one that the settlers could elect its leaders and gave Catholics more power in government than non-Catholics
- First Continental Congress
- held in response to the Coercive Acts; 55 delegates from the 12 colonies met in Philadelphia; created the "Association"- an intercolonial agreement to stop trading with Britain (boycott/non important) until the Intolerable Acts were repealed
- Suffolk Resolves
- MA; encouraged forcible resistance of the Coercive Acts
- Circular Letter
- letter sent to the other colonial legislature from Massachusetts to inform the colonists of the actions of the British and how the colonists should respond; Great Britain saw this as an excuse to unify the colonies but the colonists were too busy to respond to the Massachusetts' circular letter
- Lexington & Concord
- Locations for the start of the Revolutionary War- where Paul Revere made his famous ride, shouting "The British are coming"
- Battle of Bunker Hill
- The first battle in the Revolutionary War
- Second Continental Congress
- formed the Continental Army and appointed George Washington commander in chief; year later they issued the Declaration of Independence
- Prohibitory Act
- declared war on American commerce, meaning the colonists could not trade with the rest of the world; enforced throughout blockades and seizing American ships
- Thomas Paine
- wrote Common Sense, advocating independence
- Battle of Saratoga
- turning point in the war; French entered war on side of Colonists
- Treaty of Alliance
- Between American colonies and the French
- Battle of Yorktown
- last battle of the Revolutionary War