ANSC sheep
Terms
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- fine wool breeds and characteristics
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Rambouillet
Merinos
Debouillet
Characteristics:
hardy, gregarious
live long, good on ranges. lacking in mutton type
produce 10-14 lbs wool/yr - medium wool breeds
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Suffolk
Dorset
Hampshire
Polypay
Southdown
Cheviot
Characteristics:
bred for meat, light fleeces (5-8 lbs wool/yr)
poor flocking ability
popular in farmflock - long wool breeds
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Lincoln
Leicester
Romney
Cotswold
Characteristics:
bred for mutton
largest of all sheep, slow maturing.
open, coarse very long fleece
useful for crossbreeding - dual purpose breeds
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Columbia
Targhee
Polypay
Corriedale
characteristics:
heavy fleeces and good carcass
longwool X finewool crosses with medium wool
adaptable to ranges, where they produce better market lambs, more active, superior herding tendencies
produce 10-14+ lbs wool/yr -
breeding seasons
who out of season? -
normal: August - early winter. reproductive cycle is controlled by response to shortening hours of daylight.
out of season: Rambouillet, Dorset, Polypay, Romanov - farm flock vs. range flock breeds
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FARM FLOCK:
Dorset
Suffolk
RANGE FLOCK:
Rambouillet - Rambouillet
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cream - white, wool on legs
rams usually horned
closed faces
large (rams ~300 lbs)
STRONG:
flocking instincts
hardy
fine wool
longevity
WEAK:
poor mutton
slow maturing
medium staple length - Dorset
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white color, wool on legs (shorter than Rambouillet)
horned or polled
medium size (rams ~250lbs)
good mutton type
medium wool, not very dense, medium staple length, no black fibers.
good milk production - Suffolk
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Black head and legs free from wool. largest size (rams ~300-400 lbs)
most pop. purebreed in US
form: excellent mutton type, high cutability carcass
medium wool, light fleece - only 4-8 lbs. black fibers.
live long in harsh conditions - Hampshire
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open face - usually rich brown to black, black legs.
some wool on head and legs (looks like an afro on top)
large (rams ~ 250-350 lbs)
used as sire in market lamb production. - Southdown
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white with light brown face and legs - wool is below eyes (clcosed face).
extremely compact - excellent carcass quality.
early market maturity
good for hot-house lamb - Cheviot
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erect ears
clean, alert appearance
white open face
small low set thick
hardy, able to withstand extreme conditions.
high quality wool and carcass - Columbia
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(dual-purpose breed)
Lincoln X Rambouillet cross
range conditions
larger breed - 1st to originate in US
white open face wool on legs
medium wool, heavy fleece
good carcass
good mothers, hardy - Targhee
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(dual purpose)
Columbia X Rambouillet cross
fine wool
tighter fleece than Columbia
medium/large
hardy, good flocking
good market lambs - Polypay
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background:
targee X dorset and rambouillet X finnsheep
wanted outofseason mating and high libido
IS:
medium size, whitefaced, profilic, good moms, lambs with good growth and carcass. farm flock. medium grade fleece weighing 6-10 lbs - Finnsheep
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(from Finland)
white, no wool on face and legs. small to medium size
medium wool and staple length (3-5 in). poor carcass, frail. very prolific (avg. 2.5 lambs) early puberty, easy lambing. mainly used in crossbreeding programs - Romanov
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imported to improve genetics. because...
early sexual maturity - fertile by 7 mos old.
prolific - typical 4-5 lambs
ewes breed any month
wanted for high fertility - Textel
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imported for:
amt of muscle and high lean-tofat ratio.
small amt of intermuscular fat
high lamb survival rates. for increased muscling leanness in crossbreeding - how to hold a sheep
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left hand under chin
right hand holding dock or flank - catching a sheep
- NEVER pull by their wool. will bruise muscles - carcass damaged. grabbing wool separates the "fell" from muscle
- closed face
- wool covering face
- staple length
- length of wool fiber (longer the better)
- fineness of wool
- fine = very small dismeter. finer is more $$
- crimp
- natural waveness of wool (finer the wool, more crimp)
- density
- nuber wool fibers/square inch
- uniformity
- how much change in wool (going diagonal from shoulder to back leg)
- yolk
- natural greasiness of wool
- black fibers
- more like hair rather than wool. won't bleach
- tight fleece
- has density. less dirt
- open fleece
- lacks density
- age of sheep
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1 pair permanent teeth at one year old. get another pair each year. "solid mouthed" with all 4 pair.
4-6 years teeth spread out "spread-mouthed ewe"
6-7 yrs teeth fall out "broken mouthed ewe" - short-term ewe
- range flock operators sell brokenmouthed ewes. farm flocks will buy them where management is better. 2-3 lamb and wool crops from them and then sell for slaughter
- undershot jaw
- lower jaw shoots out (immeadiate culling)
- overshot jaw
- upper gum shoots out (cull)