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- CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS
- He planned to reach the east indies by sailing across the Atlantic ocean. In August 1492, he set out on his journey in three ships... the Nina, pinta, and the santa maria. On October 12, 1492 they reached the land. He was convinced that he had reached the east indies in Asia, but instead, he reached land off the coast of North America and South America. He found gold and many things, such as tobacco, hammocks, and pineapples, which the Europeans had never seen before. He also found "Indians" called the Tainos, which he said could be used as slaves.In 1493 he founded his first Spanish colony...Hispanola... but was later brought back to France in chains because of his harsh rularship. (But he was later pardoned.) He died in 1506 still thinking he reached the East Indies.
- FERDINAND MAGELLAN
- He was the first to find out how big the Pacific Ocean was. In 1519, he left Spain along with his crew of 250 men and 15 months later...they entered the Pacific Ocean. Magellan himself was killed in a battle with the local people of the Philippine Islands off the coast of Asia. Only 18 people and one ship remained to go around the whole globe.
- THE COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE
- The columbian exchange was a global exchange of goods and ideas.Because it started with the voyages of Columbus, this transfer is known as the Columbian Exchange. The Columbian Exchange covered a wide variaty of goods including food, medicine, government, technology, the arts, and language. It consisted of four places... Americas, Europe, Africa, and Asia. (see map to show what they traded)
- TURNING POINT
- moment in history that marks a decisive change
- COLONY
- group of people who settle in a distant land but are still ruled by the government of their native land
- CIRCUMNAVIGATE
- travel all the way around the world
- CONQUIESTODOR
- name for the spanish explorers who claimed land in the Americas for Spain
- PUEBLO
- a town in the spanish colonies
- PRESIDIO
- fort where soldiers lived in Spanish colonies
- MISSION
- religious settlements run by catholic preists
- PENINSULAR
- A person from spain who had power in a spanish colony
- CREOLE
- people born in spanins american colony to spanish parents
- MESTIZOS
- people of mixed Spanish and Indian background
- ECOMIDIANS
- land grants that included the right to demand labor or taxes from Native Americans
- PLANTATION
- large land farmed by many workers
- HENRY HUDSON
- Henry Hudson sailed for the Dutch. His ship, the Half Moon, entered present-day New York harbor. Hudson continued to sail some 150 miles up that is now call the Hudson River.The following year, Hudson made a voyage into the far north—this time for the English. After spending a harsh winter in present-day Hudson Bay, his crew rebelled. They set Hudson, his son, and seven loyal sailors adrift in a small boat. The boat and its crew were never seen again.
- NORTHWEST PASSAGE
- a waterway through or around North America
- PROTOSTAN REFORMATION
- movement to reform the Roman Catholic Church in the 1500's
- Coureur de Bois
- french colonists who lived in the woods as fur trappers
- MISSIONARY
- person who tries to spread their religious beliefs among other persons
- ALLIANCE
- aggrement between nations to aid and help one another
- What were some of Frances ecomomic occupations?
- fishing, trapping, and trading
- What was the first perminant colony?
- Jamestown
- What were the Northern Colonies (New England Colonies)?
- Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Connecticut and Rhode Island
- What were the Middle Colonies?
- New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware
- What were the southern Colonies?
- Georgia, South and North Carolina, Maryland, and Virginia
- PURITIANS
- religious group who settled in the Massachusetts Bay colony
- General Court.
- when male church members elected representatives to an assembly
- Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
- a plan of government that limited the governor's power and all men who owned property had the right to vote
- Religious tolerance
- willingness to let others practice their own beliefs
- Sabbith
- holy day of rest
- Town Meetings
- settlers discussed and voted on many issues
- Patroons
- Owners of huge estates
- proprietary colony
- the king gave land to one or more people in return for a yearly payment
- Royal Colony
- a colony under the direct control of the English crown
- Quakers
- one of the most despised religious groups in England
- Pennsylvania Dutch
- German-speaking Protestants.
- Cash crop
- crops sold for money
- Mason-Dixon Line
- A boundary between Pennsylvania and Maryland. It also divided the Middle Colonies from the Southern Colonies.
- Act of Toleration
- provided religious freedom for all Christians
- Bacons Rebellion
- When Nathnial Bacon raided Native American villages, regardless of whether the Indians there had been friendly to the colonists or not. Then, he led his followers to Jamestown and burned the capital.
- indigo
- a plant used to make a valuable blue dye
- debtors
- people who owed money they could not pay back
- Middle Passage
- passage of slave ships west across the Atlantic Ocean
- slave codes
- treated enslaved Africans not as human beings but as property
- Racism
- treated enslaved Africans not as human beings but as property
- What is the signifigance of the Mayflower compact?
- They pledged themselves to unite into a “civil body politic,†or government. They agreed to make and abide by laws that insured “the general Good of the Colony.â€