This site is 100% ad supported. Please add an exception to adblock for this site.

MPCS7thScienceCells

Terms

undefined, object
copy deck
What is an element?
any substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances
In a plant cell, what protects and keeps out "unauthorized personnel?"
cell wall
Who said cells were not hollow empty structures but filled with living stuff inside?
Felix Dujardin
What are the characteristics of Eukaryotes?
cells with a nucleus and membrane bound organelles
What is another name for the organelles?
little organs
What is the smallest and simplest unit that can carry on all the processes of life - and is the BASIC UNIT of STRUCTURE and function
cell
What is protoplasm?
the living stuff inside cells
What are the tasks or jobs of a cell?
to take in food and water, to transform food into energy in the form of ATP, to get rid of waste, and for reproduction
What are the main types of cells?
Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells
What are proteins?
large organic molecules made of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and in some cases sulfur
What is a convex lens?
one that is curved and is thicker in the middle than at the edges
In a plant cell, what is the waste disposal plant?
lysomes
What is the name of the maze of passageways that carries proteins and other materials from one part of the cell to another?
endoplasmic reticulum
What is selectively permeable?
the cell membrane
What is the range of size in cells?
from 2 meters long (nerve cell in giraffe leg) to 2 um (bacteria)
How thick is the cell membrane?
7.5 - 10 nm thick
What are organic compounds?
those that contain carbon
What is the function of RNA?
type of nucleic acid that plays an importnat role in the formation of proteins
Who discovered the cell in 1665 and called them little boxes?
Robert Hooke
What are the characteristics of Prokaryotes?
no membrane around the genetic material, no nucleus, and no membrane bound organelles
What is an atom?
the smallest unit of an element
What does the diversity of shape in a cell relate to?
the cells particular job
How big are most plant and animal cells?
10 to 50 um
What is the shape of most cells?
cuboidal or spherical
What are organelles?
tiny cell structures that carry out specific individual functions within the cell and many are enclosed by membranes
What are small, round structures in cells that break down large food particles into smaller ones?
lysosomes
Why is the nucleus important in Eukaryotes?
it is the control center where DNA and RNA are located
Which botanist said in 1838 - "all plants are made of cells?"
Matthias Schleiden
Which proteins are produced by free floating ribosomes?
those used within the cell
In a plant cell, what is the what is the transport system?
golgi bodies
How many layers are there in the cell membrane and what are they made of?
2 and each is a sheet of lipids or fats
Where is the site of protein synthesis - these function as factories to produce proteins?
the ribosomes
What are organisms called that are made up of groups of cells
multicellular
What is the name of the region between the cell membrane and the nucleus that acts as a double membrane enclosing the nucleus and is perforated by pores?
nuclear envelope
In a cell without a cell wall, what forms the outside boundary that separates the cell from its environment?
cell membrane
What are Prokaryotes?
cells found only in the Kingdom Monera which include bacteria and cyan bacteria
Who said in 1855 that "all cells come from other cells?"
Rudolf Virchow
What produces most of the energy the cell needs to carry out its functions?
mitochondria
What do skin cells look like?
flat cells for body covering
What does selectively permeable mean?
that a barrier allows some chemicals to pass but not others
Which proteins are produced by ribosomes attached to the ER?
proteins used outside the cell
Which organelles capture energy from sunlight and use it to produce food for the cell?
chorloplast
Who was the first to see the living cell in 1675 using a simple light microscope he built himself?
Anton von Leewenhoek
What is cytoplasm?
the jelly-like material inside the cell membrane that contains salts, organic molecules, and water
What do nerve cells look like?
long extensions to receive and transmit
What are enzymes?
a type of protein that speeds up the chemical reaction in living things
What is the ER?
endoplasmic reticulum - a membrane that is continuous with the nuclear envelope
What is any instrument that makes small objects look larger?
microscope
What is the cell membrane made of?
plasma
What is a molecule?
the smallest unit of most compounds
What is the large, oval structure that contains the genes that control or direct the activities of cell?
nucleus
What is cell theory?
a widely accepted explanation of the relationship between cells and living things
What is a compound?
the chemical combination of two or more elements
In a plant cell, what are the storage tanks?
vacuoles
What are inorganic compounds?
those that do not contain the element of carbon
What is a vacuole?
the storage area of a cell
What instrument uses light and has more than one lens?
compound microscope
In a plant cell, what is the construction site?
ribosomes
In a plant cell, what is the food processing plant?
mitochondria
What are Eukaryotes?
protists, plants, fungi, and animals all make up this
What are amino acids?
small molecules that make up proteins
What are chromatin?
this is when the chromosomes are too spread out and tangled up to be identified as individual structures - these are strands of genetic material floating in the nucleus
What is resolution?
the ability to distinguish the individual parts of an object
What does unicellular mean?
organism that exist as single cells
In a plant cell, what is the city hall?
Nucleus
What are nucleic acids?
very large organic molecules made of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen and phosophorus
What is the function of the cell membrane?
acts as a boundary to separate the cell from the environment and it allows for shape and flexibility
What is the rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds plant cells?
cell wall
When are cells visible?
only with a microscope
What do White Blood Cells look like?
are able to change shape to move through narrow openings
In a plant cell, what is the power plant?
chloroplast
Which zoologist said in 1839 - "all animals are made of cells?"
Theodore Schwann
What is the ability to make things look larger than they are?
magnification
What are the principles of cell theory?
all living things are comprised of cells, all cells are produced from other cells, and cells are the basic units of structure and function in all living things
What is the nucleolus?
where ribosomes are made
What is the function of DNA?
carry hereditary information - type of nucleic acid that transfers from a parent to an offspring and directs cell functions
What receives proteins and other newly formed materials and distributes them to other parts of the cell?
golgi bodies

Deck Info

77

permalink