Nutrition Ch 5 LIpids
Terms
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- What is hyperlipidemia?
- Elevated concentrations of any or all of the serum lipids, especially trglycerides and or cholesterol
- Lipids:
- Overall umbrella for all fats, oils (plants-unsaturated)
- Solids:
- Called fats and is always an animal source-saturated
- Trans fatty acids:
- From hydrogenation. The most dangerous fat of all
- What percentage of total calorie intake should be from fats?
- 30% daily. 10% saturated fats or less. General rule is to cut back on animal fats
- Statement:
- Our bodies makes all of the cholesterol we need.
- In food, where is the cholesterol located?
- In the striations of the meat. Taking off the skin would make no difference
- Name two essential fatty acids.
- Omega 3 and omega 6
- Omega 3:
- Linolinic; salmon and tuna ( has cholesterol but not alot). Fish oils, but the supplements have not been proven to be effective.
- Omega6:
- Linolaec; if you cook with vegetable oil, you will have all that you need. 1 teaspoon
- Name the only fatty acid that must be provided in the diet
- Linoleic, Omega6
- Omega 3/omega 6. They can contradict each other, explain.
-
*Decreases blood clotting mech. decreases heart disease risk.
*Increases blood clotting mech. increases heart disease risk. - hunger/appetite?
-
Hunger- pysical
appetite- emotional, physiological - Fat have what effect on whether we get full or not?
- High fat slows digestion, we feel full longer
- Does fat increase the chances of cancer?`
- Yes, this is why fiber deficiency increases the risk for cancer
- Fat is used for?
- Insulation, shock absorption, protection and energy
- What can low body fat result in?
- Loss of menstrual period, flaky skin
- High fat intake causes what?
- Obesity, gallstones, hypertension, auto-immune disease will worsen. Artherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis
- Phospholipids do what?
- Hold things together, emulsifying found in salad dressings and baked goods. Also in the cell membrane; hold enamel and dentin together
- What is the main phospholipid?
- Lecithin; aid in fat absorption, transport fats in the blood
- Cholesterol 300 mg:
- If you take intake something with cholesterol in it, the body will still use the saturated fat to make cholesterol
- Cholesterol 200 mg or less:
- The liver uses saturated fat to produce cholesterol
- Good cholesterol and bad cholesterol
- LDL; you can have a low LDL but you need a high HDL
- Name one of the highest hydrogenated oils?
- Crisco. Anything taken from a liquid fat to a solid fat had been hydrogenated
- Name one of the healthiest cooking oils?
- Canola oil. Coconut oil has saturated fat but no cholesterol. Olive oil brings out the flavor in foods
- When selecting types of meat chicken can or cannot be better than red meat. explain.
- Depends on the way of procesing, cut or produced.
- Cuts of meat: FIRST
-
*Flank
*I
*Round
*Sirloin
*Tenderloin
Gets leaner as you go down. - What is elestra?
- A fat substitute
- Are nuts healthy?
- They contain high fat but have a lot if poly and unsaturated fats. Lowfat= chestnuts