CRANIUM/FACIAL
Terms
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- nasal bones
- 2; forms top bridgee of nose; 2 thin rectangular bones
- vomer
- 1; loc. w/in the nasal cavity on the midline; makes up lower portion of nasal septum
- med. -> lat. order
- nasal, maxilla, lacrimal, ethmoid
- inferior nasal conchae
- 2; curved sections of bone that make up lateral walls of nasal openings (nostrils); directly below middle nasal conchae
- Occ. condyloid canal
- small opening post. to occipital condyles
- Sph. orbital surface of sphenoid
- portion on the sphenoid behind each eye socket/orbit
- Zyg. zygomaticofacial foramen
- only opening on zygomatic bone
- Max. median palatine suture
- runs along midline of roof of mouth
- Max. anterior palatine foramen
- ant. portion of hard palate; ant. end of median palatine suture
- sphenoid bone
- extends from one side of skull to other w/ the majoe portion passingbehind the eye sockets in the skull
- ethmoid bone
- loc. on the med. surf. of each eye socket; forms a portion of the root of the nasal cavity & closes the ant. portion of cranium
- Pal. lesser palatin foramen
- paired smaller openings
- Occ. hypoglossal canal
- provides passageway for spinal accessory & cranial nerves; passes through occipital condyles
- Occ. foramen magnum
- large opening in inf. surf.; passageay for the brain stem
- occipital bone
- loc. on the post./inf. surf.; most post. cranial bone
- Max. alveolar process
- ridge of bone the forms the gums
- palatine bones
- 2; directly post. to palatine process of the maxilla/ hard palate; "soft palate"
- maxilla
- 2 bones; upper jaw; forms roof of mouth; 16 permanent teeth
- zygomatic bones
- 2; forms ant. promenence of each cheek bone; inf. & lat. to each eye socket
- lacrimals
- 2; b/t ethmoid & upper portion of maxilla; serves as the passageway for tear ducts
- Pal. greater palatin foramen
- single larger opening
- Sph. GREATER wing sphenoid
- external, visible portion of the sphenoid bone
- Eth. perpindicular plate
- loc. on the inf. portion of the ethmoid; extends vertically downward on the midline; forms the sup. portion of nasal septum
- Occ. median nuchal line
- raised ridge of bone the extends vertically along midline on post. surf.; crosses over sup. & inf. nuchal lines
- Max. palatine process of maxille
- "hard plate"; ant. hard portion of roof
- Max. transverse platine suture
- runs horizontally along post. surf. of the palatine process of the maxilla/hard palate; perpindicular to med. palatine suture
- Tem. sternocleidomastoideus
- neck muscle
- Occ. lamboidal suture
- lies b/t occipital & both parietal bones
- Eth. sup. & middle nasal conchae
- lat. to the perpindicular plate; provides reinforcement for the walls of nasal openings (nostrils)
- Eth. nasal septum
- the division b/t nostrils
- Tem. mastoiditis
- middle ear infection
- Max. infraorbital foramen
- small opening below each eye socket; nerves & bloods vassels run through
- Occ. inf. & sup. nuchal lines
- raised ridge of bone that extends horizontally across post. surf.; serves as pt. of attachment for post. neck muscles
- Sph. foramen ovale
- large, elliptical opening in inf. srf. which provides a passageway for mandibular nerves
- Max. alveolus
- each individual tooth socket
- Occ. occipital condyles
- 2 rounded processes in inf. surf.; 1 on each side of foramen magnum; articulates w/ 1st vertebra on the vertebral column
- Sph. foramen spinosum
- opening in inf. surf. slightly post. & lat. to foramen ovale; passageway for small branches of mandibular nerves & meningeal blood vessels through the skull