respitory system
Terms
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- lung profusion scan
- nuclear medicing test produces image of blood flow to lungs; pulmonary embolism
- severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS
- viral respiratory disorder caused by coronavirus; results in pneumonia
- clubbing
- abnormal enlargement of distal phalanges as a result of diminished O2 in blood
- Mantoux skin test
- intradermal injection of purified protein derivative used to detect presence of tb antibodies
- chest x-ray
- inaging technique for respiratory system
- precordial pain
- chest pain over the heart and lower thorax
- palantine tonsils
- continuous with roof of mouth; made up of protective lymphatic tissue
- PPD
- PURIFIED PROTEIN DERIVATIVE
- HHN
- HAND HELD NEBULIZER
- pleurodynia
- pain in chest caused by inflammation of intercostal muscles
- deviated septum
- deflection of nasal septum; may obstruct nasal passages resulting in sinusitis, epistaxis
- influenza
- flu;acute infectious disease of respiratory tract caused by virus
- hemothorax
- blood in pleural cavity
- pneumonitis
- noninfectious inflammation of lungs
- AP
- anteposterior
- pulmonary edema
- accumulation of fluid in lung tissue; caused by inability of heart to pump
- bronchoscopy
- endoscopic procedure used to examine bronchial tubes
- pyrexia
- fever
- URI
- UPPER RESPIRATORY INFECTION
- LLL
- LOWER LEFT LOBE
- diaghragm muscle
- muscles responsable for quiet respiration; pulled down and contracts
- pharyngeal tonsil
- site of lymphatic tissue; helps protect against pathogens
- RSV
- RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS
- vocal chords
- vibrate to produce speech
- spirometry
- test to measure air capacity of lungs
- pulmonary function test PFT
- determines the capacity of lungs to exchange o2 and co2
- internal respiration
- exchange of gases between lungs and blood
- large cell carcimona
- NSCLC originating in lining of smaller bronchi
- stridor
- high pitched inspiratory sound from larnyx; sign of upper airway obstruction
- flail chest
- condition which multiple rib fractures cause instabiliy in chest wall; lung under injured area contracts on inspiration and bulges out on expiration
- pulmonary angiography
- uses a dye injected into blood vessel of lung, followed by subsequent x-rays to demonstrate flow of blood though vessels
- CXR
- CHEST X-RAY
- peak flow meter
- used in pulmonary function test to measure breathing capacity
- cystic fibrosis
- inherited disorder of exocrine glands resulting in abnormal thick sectetion of mucus that cause COPD
- mycobacterium tuberculosi
- caused by acid fast bacillus
- bifurcates
- branches
- exhalation
- expiration
- paranasal sinus
- function is to warm and filter air taken in and assist in production of sound
- aphoria
- loss of ability to produce sound
- intercostal muscle
- muscle responsable for quiet respiration; expands pulling air into lungs
- visceral pleura
- side of membrane that coats lungs
- anthracosis
- abnormal condition of glass dust in lungs
- pneumonia
- inflammation of lungs caused by variety of pathoges; infectious
- polyps,nasal and vocal cords
- small tumorlike growths
- emphysmea
- condition of pulmonary system characterized by distention and destructive changes of alveoli; smoking
- mucous gland adenoma
- benign tumor in mucous gland
- SARS
- SEVER ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME
- small cell carcinoma SCLC
- second most common type of lung cancer; oat cell carcinoma
- cilia
- small hairs of respitory tract further means to keep air clean, warm and moist as it travels to lungs
- croup
- acute viral infection of early childhood. marked by stridor caused by spasms
- laryngitis
- inflammation of voice box
- pharyngitis
- inflammation of pharynx; sore throat
- lung venilation scan
- uses radiopharmaceuticals to produce picture of how air is distributed in lungs; measures ability to take in air
- eustachian tube
- from ears connects with throat to equalize pressure between ears and throat
- rhinorrhea
- discharge from nose
- larynx
- voice box
- dysphonia
- impairment of speaking, hoarseness
- pneumoconiosis
- lost of lung capacity caused by accumulation of dust in lungs
- inspire
- breathe in
- expectorant
- promotes expulsion of mucus; mucinex
- pleural membrane
- contains fluid that facillates the expansion and contraction of lungs with each breath
- bronchioles
- smaller branches
- inhalation
- inspiration
- pneumothorax
- air of gas in pleural space caused by lung collapse
- lobes
- three section of lungs
- respitory system
- assist in the production of sound; provide tissue for receiving stimuli for sense of small
- RLL
- RIGHT LOWER LOBE
- MRI
- detect lung tumors, embolisms and chest trauma
- bronchiectasis
- chronic diallation of bronchi; dyspnea, expectioration of foul-smelling sputum
- PPB
- POSITIVE-PRESSURE BREATHING
- alveoli
- microscopic ducts capped by air sacs
- epiglottis
- flap of cartllage at opening of larnyx and closes to trachea during swallowing so that food is routed into esophagus
- RRT
- REGISTERED RESPIRATORY THERAPIST
- multidrugresistant tuberculosis MDR TB
- fatal in 80% of cases
- RAD
- REACTIVE AIRWAY DISEASE
- upper respitory system
- encompasses the area from nose to larnx
- right lung
- have three sections
- laryngopharnyx
- part of throat proximal to larnyx
- carina
- where air bifurcates where the right and left bronchi
- asbestosis
- abnormal condition of asbestos in lungs
- CTA
- CLEAR TO AUSCULTATION
- sputum culture
- cultivation of microorganisms from sputum; collected from expectoration
- decongestant
- reduce congestion or swelling of mucous membrane; sudafed
- asthma
- recurring episodes of paroxsmal dyspnea; coughing, wheezing, and sob
- RML
- RIGHT MIDDLE LOBE
- computed tomography CT
- image the respiratory system and associated structure by creating crosssections of tissue
- hiccup
- involuntary contraction of diaphragm by rapid closure of glottis; singultus
- ENT
- EAR, NOSE AND THROAT
- hemoptysis
- coughing up blood or blood stained sputum
- sweat test
- evaluates sodium and chloride concentration; cystic fibrosis
- respitory system
- delivery of oxygen to cells;removal of carbon dioxide;assist in regulationg bloods ph; conditon and prepare air for thel lungs
- thoracodynia
- chest pain
- empyema
- pyothorax
- spir/o
- to breathe
- arterial blood gases ABG
- blood test measures amount of O2 and CO2
- pulse oximetry
- measures o2 in arterial blood; noninvase cliplike device is attached to ear lobe of finger
- sputum
- mucus coughed up from lungs expectorated through mouth
- tuberculosis
- chronic infectious disorder caused by acid fast bacillus; transmission is inhalation or ingested of infected droplets
- nasopharnyx
- part of throat behind the nasal cavities
- surfactant
- substance that coats alveolus that keeps it from collasping
- coryza
- head cold
- squamous cell carcinoma
- NSCLC in squamous epithelium of large bronchi
- cough
- sudden, audible expulsion of air from lungs
- pulmonary abscess
- localized accumulation of pus in lungs
- inhaled corticosteroids
- reduce airway inflammation to improve ventilation; flonase; nasonex
- hypoexemia
- deficient of o2 in bood
- rhinitis
- inflammation of mucous membrane of nose
- CPAP
- CONTINUOUS POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE
- hytercapnia
- condition of excessive co2 in blood
- RML Pneumonia
- pneumonia in right middle lobe
- oropharynx
- posterior to oral cavity; more lymphatic tissue; food and air pass here
- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD
- characterized by progressive and irreversible diminished in inspiratory and expiratory capacity of lungs
- adenoids
- pharyngeal tonsils
- apnea
- abnormal, periodic cessation of breathing
- CWA
- COAL WORKERS PNEUMOCONIOSIS
- mediastinum
- space between lungs
- left lung
- has two sections
- expire
- breathe out
- black lung disease
- coal workers pneumoconiosis
- tympany chest
- low pitched resonant sound from the chest
- no-small cell carcimona NSCLC
- most prevalant type of lung cancer
- RUL
- RIGHT UPPER LOBE
- double pneumonia
- both lungs affected by pneumonia
- adenocarcinoma
- NSCLC derived from mucous secreting glands in lungs
- respiratory syncytial virus RSV
- acute disorder usually occuring in lower respiratory tract in children, upper respitory in adults
- silicosis
- abnormal accumulation of dust in lungs
- mucolytics
- break up thick mucus; n-acetylcysteine; mucomyst
- bronchiolitis
- viral inflammation of bronchioles; common in children under 18 months
- MDI
- METERED DOSE INHALER
- eupnea
- good normal breathing
- rhonci
- abnormal rumbling sound heard on auscultation, caused by airways blocked
- epistaxis
- nosebleed
- status asthmaticus
- continuous attack of asthma; can be fatal
- oflaction
- sense of smell
- cheyne-stokes respiration
- deep, rapid breathing followed by apnea
- atelectasis
- collapse of lung tissue or entire lung
- pleurisy
- inflammation of parietal pleura of lungs
- bronchodilators
- relax bronchi and improve ventilation to lungs
- two nares of nose
- air enters through here
- trachea
- windpipe; lies within space between lungs called mediastinum
- pulmonary resection
- excision of portion of lobe of lung or entire lung
- rales
- crackles; abnormal lung sound heard on auscultation, characterized by discontinuous bubbling noise
- parietal pleura
- side that lines the inner surface of rib cage
- pyrothorax
- pus in pleural cavity
- PA
- POSTEROANTERIOR
- external respiration
- process of exchanging O2 and CO2 between external environment and lungs
- pleural effusion
- abnormal accumulation of fluid in intrapleural space
- pleura
- double-folded, serous membrane
- epilogottis
- infammation of epiglottis
- papilloma
- tumor of epithelial origin for its nipplike appearance
- hamartoma,pulmonary
- benign tumor of limited abnormal tissue formed in respiratory tract; chondoadenoma
- LUL
- LEFT UPPER LOBE
- hyperventillaiton
- abnormally increased breathing
- wheezing
- whistling sound heard during breathing
- mesothelioma
- rare malignancy of pleura or other protective tissue; asbestos
- friction sound
- sounds made by dry surfaces rubbing together
- upper respitory infection URI
- inflammation/ infection of stuctures of upper respitory tract