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Key Terms Chapters 20 & 22

Terms

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colonial organism
collection of cells that are permanently associated but in which little or no integration of cell activities occurs
aggregation
a temporary collection of cells that comes together for a period of time and then separates
multicellular organism
an organism that consists of many cells that are permanently associated and integrated in their activities
differentiation
process in which the cells of a multicellular individual become specialized during development
protist
a member of the kingdom Protista
hypha
slender filament that is part of the body of a multicellular fungus
septum
in fungi, a wall-like division between cells within a hypha; wall that internally divides body segments in annelids; thick wall that divides the hearts atrium or ventricle into right and left halves
tissue
group of cells with a common structure and function
organ
collection of tissues that work together to perform a particular function
organ system
group of organs that function together to carry out a major activity of the body
vascular tissue
type of plant tissue that contains specialized cells that distribute water and other nutrients within the body of a plant
invertebrate
animal that lacks a backbone
vertebrate
animal with a backbone
protozoan
historic term for a heterotrophic protist
alga
historical term for photosynthetic protests-not accepted by all scientists
zygospore
diploid zygote that results from the pairing of gametes of opposite mating types
alternation of generations
life cycle in which a haploid gamete-producing individual (gametophyte) alternates with a diploid spore-producing individual (sporophyte)
sporgium
diploid phase in the type of life cycle known as alternation of generations; diploid individual that produces spores
amoeba
a protist that moves using flexible, cytoplasmic extensions
pseudopodium
animal with a body cavity located between the endoderm and the mesoderm
diatom
photosynthetic unicellular protist of the phylum Bacillariophyta
zoomastigote
unicellular, heterotrophic protist that is a member of the phylum Zoomastigina
euglenoid
member of the phylum Euglenophyta
cilium
in cells, one hair like structure in tightly packed rows that are used for movement
plasmodium
protist of the phylum Myxomycota; characterized by multinucleate, amoeboid appearance
sporozoite
one of three stages of Plasmodium that lives in mosquitoes and is injected into humans
merozoite
stage of the life cycle of the protist Plasmodium in which the protist divides rapidly in red blood cells and produces many more merozoites

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