Key Terms Chapters 20 & 22
Terms
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- colonial organism
- collection of cells that are permanently associated but in which little or no integration of cell activities occurs
- aggregation
- a temporary collection of cells that comes together for a period of time and then separates
- multicellular organism
- an organism that consists of many cells that are permanently associated and integrated in their activities
- differentiation
- process in which the cells of a multicellular individual become specialized during development
- protist
- a member of the kingdom Protista
- hypha
- slender filament that is part of the body of a multicellular fungus
- septum
- in fungi, a wall-like division between cells within a hypha; wall that internally divides body segments in annelids; thick wall that divides the hearts atrium or ventricle into right and left halves
- tissue
- group of cells with a common structure and function
- organ
- collection of tissues that work together to perform a particular function
- organ system
- group of organs that function together to carry out a major activity of the body
- vascular tissue
- type of plant tissue that contains specialized cells that distribute water and other nutrients within the body of a plant
- invertebrate
- animal that lacks a backbone
- vertebrate
- animal with a backbone
- protozoan
- historic term for a heterotrophic protist
- alga
- historical term for photosynthetic protests-not accepted by all scientists
- zygospore
- diploid zygote that results from the pairing of gametes of opposite mating types
- alternation of generations
- life cycle in which a haploid gamete-producing individual (gametophyte) alternates with a diploid spore-producing individual (sporophyte)
- sporgium
- diploid phase in the type of life cycle known as alternation of generations; diploid individual that produces spores
- amoeba
- a protist that moves using flexible, cytoplasmic extensions
- pseudopodium
- animal with a body cavity located between the endoderm and the mesoderm
- diatom
- photosynthetic unicellular protist of the phylum Bacillariophyta
- zoomastigote
- unicellular, heterotrophic protist that is a member of the phylum Zoomastigina
- euglenoid
- member of the phylum Euglenophyta
- cilium
- in cells, one hair like structure in tightly packed rows that are used for movement
- plasmodium
- protist of the phylum Myxomycota; characterized by multinucleate, amoeboid appearance
- sporozoite
- one of three stages of Plasmodium that lives in mosquitoes and is injected into humans
- merozoite
- stage of the life cycle of the protist Plasmodium in which the protist divides rapidly in red blood cells and produces many more merozoites