BMB 2
Terms
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copy deck
- authors
- floyd bloom, charles nelson
- cajal
- this fool though that neurons were all connected and used golgi's "dye" to prove to his ass that neurons were connected
- Fluorens
- experimented on cats and used the ablative technique to figure out which parts of the brain were important, Hypothalmus was eventually the most important
- blood brain barrier
- created by cells & astrocytes, prevents blood borne substances from entering the system
- gall
- charted bulges in brain and showed specific functions of the brain (phrenology)
- superior colliculi
- visual startle (stuff flying into your peripheral vision makes you jump)
- central nervous system
- brain and spinal cord
- acetycholine
- signals muscles to contract
- microtubules
- structural reinforcement
- allele cells
- hold all the neurons together/in place
- nodes of ranvier
- spaces between the myelin on the axon
- amino acids
- building blocks for proteins
- axons
- send information to other neurons in circuit
- gillial cells
- extra cellular space between the nerve cell, filled with specialized support cells
- hindbrain
- pons and medulla
- dualism
- mind and the brain separate entities
- axon hillock
- the point where the actual neuron connects with the axon
- ectoderm
- becomes nervous system, skin, fingernails, hair
- diencephalon
- contains thalmus & hypothalmus
- mesencephalon
- midbrain
- myclocephalon
- medulla - spinal cord
- peripheral nervous system
- in muscles organs, glands, etc
- circuits
- pathways for sending & receiving cells ("electrical cable")
- norapephrine
- emotional arousal, sleep and mood
- synapses
- actual linking sites of communication for nerves
- metencephalon
- pons - cerebellum
- myelin
- provides insulation of the axon and slows down action potential
- synaptic transmission
- information transfer at synaptic gap
- hypothalmus
- relay station for internal regulatory info, monitors ANS
- occipital
- vision
- oligodendrocyte
- provides cellular insulation (myelin) which increases speed & impulse
- endoderm
- respiratory & digestive organs
- loewi
- electrical stimulation could twitch muscles, pioneered idea of chemical signals controlling brain & motor basis for neurotransmitters
- meninges
- fluid filled absorbers made up of connective tissues
- dendrites
- the points where the axons split and sprawl outwards
- schwann cells
- these cells repair individual cells and are located in the peripheral NS (example of a cut and nerve healing to that particular spot.)
- inductive
- observations to hypothesis
- frontal
- motor, planning, problem solving
- Dualism
- essentially the belief that one has a "soul" that controls him or her, this is not true in scientific reasoning
- dopamine
- regulate emotions & control of complex movemets
- ottolowi
- "vagustuf" when he simulated one particular nerve that would slow down the pacemaker mechanism of the heart
- calcium
- responsible for the release of neurotransmitters from synaptic vesicles
- neurotube
- top becomes brain, bottom becomes the spinal cord
- chemical gate
- neurotransmitters bind to the chemical gates
- temporal
- auditory
- rhombencephalon
- hindbrain
- prosencephalon
- forebrain
- neurotransmitters
- chemical that sends info from sending to receiving cell
- astrocyte
- "clean up" excess transmitters and ions from extra cellular spaces
- cerebellum
- basic learned motor responses (little brain) receives and modifies body and limb information
- mesoderm
- not nervous tissue, but formation of nervous system
- neural tube
- forms from ridges on neural plate that fuse together
- movie (space odyssey 2001)
- stanley coober
- serotonin
- found in pons temperature regulation, sensory, perception & sleep
- neural crest
- becomes peripheral autonomic nervous system
- deductive
- hypothesis to reasoning
- descante
- body mind dualism
- epinephrine
- found in medulla, activates sympathetic NS
- inferior colliculi
- auditory startle (reactions to sudden sounds)
- ODD
- Order, Discoverability, Determinism
- oligodendrocyte
- these cells are located in the CNS and dont repair cells individually, (spinal cord injury, with famous Mr. Reeve)
- monoism
- the brain and mind are the same (more accepted in science)
- glutomate
- excitation opens up Ca channel (agonism)
- Nervous System
- CNS, PNS, ANS, SNS
- galen
- 1st fool to dissect human brain, states of health depended on fluids (blood, black bile, phlegm)
- somatic nervous system
- sensory and motor functions
- autonomic nervous system
- involuntary functions such as blood vessels, heart pumping, etc
- GABA
- inhibition, opens up Cl channel (antagonism)
- pareital
- sensory
- golgi
- came up with the dyeing process and though neurons were separate
- thalmus
- info center of the brain