Personality Theory
Terms
undefined, object
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- Define Persona
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the latin word for mask; social mask that people wear
superficial role of who we are - 4 universal elements developed by Hippocrates
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Earth
Air
Fire
Water - What is the fluid called that determines one's personality and name the 4 kinds.
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Humors
1. black bile
2. yellow bile
3. blood
4. phlegm - element -> humor -> temperament
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earth -> black bile -> melancholic
air -> yellow bile -> choleric
fire -> blood -> sanguine
water -> phlegm -> phlegmatic - melancholic traits
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sad
anxious
depressed - choleric traits
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excitable
angered
assertive - sanguine traits
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warm
optimist
cheerful - phlegmatic traits
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calm
slow moving
lethargic
sluggish - five factor model
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OCEAN
I. extraversion
II. agreeableness
III. conscientiousness
IV. neuroticism
V. openness to experience -
what 2 factors cause someone to be...
1. shy
2. hostile
3. compulsive -
1. increased neuroticism
decreased extraversion
2. increased neuroticism
decreased agreeableness
3. increased neuroticism
increased conscientiousness - define personality and 2 things that it does
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combinations and patterns in thoughts, feelings & behaviors
1. makes us unique
2. creates consistency across situations and time - what 5 factors shape our personality?
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1. genetics
2. traits
3. society and culture
4. learning
5. unconscious - define paradigms
- collection or group of theories that express an idea
- what are the 6 paradigms of personality theory?
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1. psychoanalytic
2. social cultural
3. trait
4. socio-biological
5. existential/humanistic
6. learning - psychoanalytic paradigm
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Freud & Jung
focus on structure of the mind and relationship btwn conscious and unconscious - social-cultural paradigm
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Adler, Horney & Erikson
focus on interactions w/people and their environment
major focus: family of origin - trait paradigm
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Allport
focus on basic building blocks of personality; measurement and assessment - social-biological paradigm
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Wilson
behavior & personality characteristics of traits inherited - existential/humanistic paradigm
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Rogers & Maslow
positive aspects of human development/growth; free will - self determining - learning paradigm
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Skinner & Bandura
behavior: positive & negative reinforcement and punishment