vaccines
Terms
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viral vaccines
hepatitis A -
Havirix
route: IM -
viral vaccines
hepatitis B -
Recombivax HB
route: IM -
viral vaccines
influenza -
Fluzone
route: IM -
viral vaccines
Measles, Mumps, & rubella -
MMR II
route: SC -
viral vaccines
Measles -
Attenuvax
route: SC -
viral vaccines
mumps -
Mumpsvax
route: SC -
viral vaccines
rubella -
Meruvax II
route: SC -
viral vaccines
polio -
Orimune
route: po -
viral vaccines
chicken pox -
Varivax
route: SC -
viral vaccines
Yellow fever -
YF-Vax
route: SC - define toxoid
- toxoids are inactivated bacterial toxins
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toxoid vaccines
Tetanus -
tetanus toxoid
route: SC, IM -
toxoid vaccines
diptheria and tetnaus -
diptheria and tetanus
route: IM -
toxoid vaccines
diptheria, tetnaus, and pertussis -
DPT
route: IM - describe the antiidiotypic type of vaccine?
- the antiiodiotypic type of vaccine is based on using an antibody that is shaped lake the antigen. this may be the way a vaccine for the HIV virus is found
- describe the classification of subunit vaccines?
- subunit vaccines are small units of the genetic cod that come from the disease microbe. they are injected into a bacterium or a yeast and then are grown. they then are harvested and used as a vaccine to stimulate the body to produce an immune response.
- describe the classification of acellular and conjugated vaccines?
- an acelluar vaccine is disassembled or fragmented to isolate specific antigens from entire cells. pertussis vaccine is made in this manner. bacterial cells that have been altered and mixed with toxoids to increase their overall effectiveness are conjugated vaccines. Tetanus and diptheria are conjugated.
- name the 2 most common vaccine preparation methods.
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inactivated cells (killed)
attenuated cells (weakened) - what vaccines are recommended for the 1 mo old?
- Hepatitis B
- what vaccines are recommended for the 2 month old?
- hepatitis B, DPT, HiB, Polio
- what are the recommended vaccines for the 4 month old?
- Hepatitis B, DPT, HiB, Polio
- what are the recommended vaccines for the 6 month old?
- hepatitis B, DPT, HiB, Polio
- what are the recommended vaccines for the 12 month old?
- hepatitis B, HiB, Polio, MMR, varicella
- what are the recommended vaccines for the 15 mo old?
- hepatitis B, DPT, HiB, polio, MMR, varicella
- what are the recommended vaccines for the 1.5 yr old?
- Hepatitis B, DPT, Polio, varicella
- what are the recommended vaccines for the 2 yr old?
- varicella
- what are the recommended vaccines for the 4-6 yr old?
- DPT, Polio, MMR, varicella
- what are the recommended vaccines for the 11-12 yr old?
- MMR, varicella
- what are the recommended vaccines for the 13-18 yr old?
- MMR, varicella
- hepatitis B
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the disease can cause serious side effects such as diarrhea, vomiting , jaundice, and lack of energy. can lead to liver damage or death if left untreated.
routes of infection: blood and bodily fluids
ways of contraction: unprotected sex, sharing syringes, being stuck with an infected sharp, mother to child at birth,
innoculation may cause soreness at inj site, slight fever - diptheria, pertussis, tetanus
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diptheria-causes breathing problems from thick mucous covering the back of the throat
pertussis-aka whooping cough coughing can be so severe that it is hard to eat, breathe, drink. can lead to pneumonia and even death
tetanus-aka lockjaw bec. the victim's jaw locks in place. also causes painful muscle spasms all over the body - dosing of hepatitis B vaccine?
- given in 3 to 4 divided doses depending on the age of the person at initial innouclation. 1 month, 4 months and 6 months of age for dosing is typical
- dosing of DPT vaccine?
- five doses: 2 mo, 4 mo, 6 mo, 15-18 mo, and 4-6 yr
- side effects of DPT vaccine?
- side effects of DPT vaccine are fever and soreness at the inj site. DPT is only given to those <7, as Pertussis is only seen in those <7 DT vaccines are for those >7 yr old
- Haemophilis Influenzae type B
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Haemophilis Influenzae type B is a bacterial infection contracted by ppl <5 yr old. it is contracted from other children or adults. mild if infection stays in nose or throat. infection may spread to lungs,
Pneumonia, menigitis, brain damage, systemic infection, death may occur. - what is the dosing schedule for HiB vaccine?
- four doses: 2, 4, 6, 12-15 months
- what are the side effects of the HiB vaccine?
- common side effects of HiB vaccine are redness and swelling at the inj site, and sometimes a fever.
- polio
- polio causes paralysis of the legs and respiratory system
- what forms of the polio vaccine are avl?
- polio vaccine used to be po and inj. now only inj because po form can very rarely cause the disease it is intended to protect against
- what is dosing schedule of polio vaccine?
- 4 doses, 1 booster: 2, 4, 6, 18 months, booster at 4-6 yrs
- name side effects of polio vaccine?
- soreness at inj site
- Measles
- Measles begins with flu-like symptoms and fever. if ignored measles can cause pneumonia, brain damage, or death
- Mumps
- mumps affects the parotid glands of the body, causing them to become visably enlarged, accompanied by fever. if untreated can cause meningitis and deafness
- Rubella
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rubella, aka German measles, causes birth defects in unborn child or miscarriage. in children, symptoms include rash and fever.
women should be given this vaccine 3 months before becoming pregnant if they have never had reubella - what is the dosing schedule for MMR?
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two doses: 12-15 months and 4-6 yr old
many school districts, in face of MMR outbreaks require an additional booster upon the entrance to high school - Varicella
- chicken pox vaccine
- pneumoccocal conjugate vaccine
- given for streptococcus pneumoniae that causes meningitis, pneumonia, brain damage and death.
- immunity on the pneumonia vaccine lasts how long?
- pneumonia vaccine lasts for 3 years.
- dosing schedule for pneumonia vaccine
- 2, 4, 6 months then 12-15 monts
- side effects of pneumonia vaccine
- redness or tenderness at the inj site, some may have slight fever