Test 5
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- California applies for statehood
- tayler wanted cali to com in free. southern politicians argue that if you give it up you are boxing in slavery
- Compromise of 1850
- clay. 1)California would come in free. 2)the rest of the terretores would be governed by popular sovernty. 3)DC- congress decides to stop slave trade but you can still have the slaves that you already have. 4)fugitive slave act 1st time... if you are in the north and you come across a runaway slave you must return ment. civil penalty if you dont
- popular sovernty
- people who live in states decide whether or not it will be slavery or not
- Reality about slave act
- Northern communites said you dont have to comply with the fugative slave act. (makes southerners unhappy
- James Gadston
- wanted to built a railroad between texas and LA
- problem with the railroad
- route goes through mexico.
- Steven douglas
- wanted to connect midest with the west coast with a railroad
- Kansas Nebraska/ bleeding kansas
- missouri compromise thrown out the window. Trouble he didnt forsee. Kansas is next to missouri. abolitionist finiace people to live in kansas. south encouraged people to mave from missoour to kansas
- they apply for state hood.
- election for state legilive. proslavery group wins
- problem:
- the antislavery people were mad because the people were not really kansas people.
- result
- antislavery set up their own ca[itol in Topeka. They is the small scale version of the civil war.
- Lecompton constituion
- citizens of kansas: pro or against? if the votes are tallied and the atni sum the slave owners can keep slaves.
- Joshn brown and sons
- kill proslavery people (hacked them up into pieces). this was why bleeding kansas got its name
- Constitution sent to bucanion (president)
- 1) takes constitution 2) douglas ran a ralley of no way.
- Kansas revotes
- freestate
- clares summer
- senetor. gave speeches about anti slavery. was not fan of popular sovernty. he said horrible things about southerners.
- Preston Brooks (house of rep)
- beat summer with can. Summer had to learn how to do everything (3 years). brooks resigns (people vote him in again). people sent letters to him saying good job
- illuniates divison
- senetors and government packed pistols with them
- Supreme court (dread scott)
- scott had sued for freedom after master died. Taney (chief justice) says that a black slave is not a citizen and you have to right to sue. say the who idea of pop sovernty is out. you can take property anywhere (its property)... this rippes the country apart
- Senetary election... douglas vs lincoln (debates)
- lincoln ask doublas... if your the spokes boy for pop sovernty then how are people supposed to be governed (about the supreme court decision). Douglas said to ignore suprme court. Douglas wins but it shows how divided the country was.
- 1860 presidential election
- lincoln vs douglas/breckenridge (for democrates)
- consitutional union party
- (bell) dont do anything. (do anything to keep it together)
- Southerners view of election
- if you vote in lincoln then the south is out.
- Lincoln wins
- he never said he would abolish slavery and said to keep it from expanding. south carolina is the first to suceed.
- Concerderacy president
- jefferson davis
- anderson
- leaves fort mustry and goes to fort sumpter (south asked anderson to surrender but he doesnt give up.
- Lincoln and fort sumpter
- he doesnt know what to do about it. he sends ships with nothing but food. the ships are turned around.
- ultimatum
- surrender or the south will force them out. at 4 30 am the south opens fire on sumpter
- fire on sumpter
- lincoln uses this to blame the south forstarting the war and uses it to ralley support
- conferderates win
- anderson must leave "bloodless battle to the bloodiest war"
- Lincoln's plan
- swell the army
- three part strategy
- 1)blockaid entire confederacy (was effective) 2)take richmond and hope to throw the confederacy out of war (took a long time because of lee) 3) get control of mississippi river (allows to separate the south and western theater... grate takes this sucessfully)
- Famous officers for south
- lee, scott (calvery), jeb stuart, jackson
- famous for north
- grant and sherman
- Army of the potomac
- protecting DC (par of union). troops goes across potomac river. and meet up with the confederates at bull run
- bull run
- it was called it because it was fought over a creek.... spectators came to watch. it looked like the union was going to win but jackson held a portion of the line (stonewall) when reienforcements come they push back the union and the confederates win
- Lincoln makes a decision
- move grant to eat to take on lee
- Peninsula Campaign
- plan to ultimately capture richmond
- lee and jackson
- split and jackson went north (decoe). they get the union to split
- 7 days battle
- Richmond... lees army lost 20,000 troops. victory is for the south. (McCullen goes back to DC
- 2nd bull run
- Patomac losses (not under McCullen)... Lincoln puts McCullen back
- Grant
- was winning in the west. (only hope for union)
- Shiloh
- bloody battle. Pretty much a draw but the union clams a slight victory.
- get rid of grant!!!
- because he threw people into fire but lincoln doesnt get rid of him because he is winning.
- Rummor that grant drank
- did it because 1)meloncoly about the # of people dying 2) seperation from family... (grant is later elected president)
- 1st victory for union
- maryland- Antietam
- Emancipation proclamation
- declared after antitam. takes affect in january. said all slaves were free in states that are in rebellion. (only in the rebelloon. This did not include boarder states because he did not want to have them suceed)
- Farragut
- union navel officer who sailed up mississippi river and took new orliens- helps control the mississippi river
- Chansellersvilles
- the conferderates win (lee)(soon after he looses jackson)
- Vicksburg
- grant heads there. Mississippi river and above would e controled by union. 1) abe to moneuver soldeirs freely and gain traide back
- Lee gets cocky
- makes a decision to invade the north (hope it will put pressure on lincoln to quit the war)
- Gettysburg
- July 1-3. Lee tries to go north and group of confederates went looking to shoes in gettysburg (this tipped off union)
- General at gettysburg for union
- meade
- day 1
- draw with edge to the confederates
- day 2
- college professer named camberline save the union by a monuever. (see notes)
- Day 3
- lee makes a bold move.
- Pickettes charge
- pickette takes soigers to march over field. (blood bath.. really bad decision on lees choice
- lee retreats
- he goes south and meade gets blamed for not pursueing lee. meade sayys to lay off his troops were tired.
- Vickburg and Gettysburg
- Vicksburg surrenders the day ater gettysburg on july 4th
- Grantand Sherman
- turn attentions to chattanooga (win)
- sherman in west
- burlns atlanta (railhub) after surrounding it..he made it painful so people would never go to war again
- march to the sea
- sherman goes to savannah. (trash everything along the way) burns columia south carolina (first place of sucession)
- Presidential election(union)
- McCullen left army and ran for president
- peace democrats (copperheads)
- end the war now
- andrew jackson
- from tennasee run with lincoln. 1) war deomocrat 2) he grew up in the mountains where they were loyal to united states (sucession is wrong0
- the election
- Lincon was losing at the beginning but when sherman captures atlanta the support goes to lincoln. (union in control)
- Grant vs lee
- wilderness campaign.
- Pettersburg
- buffer for confederates. grant surrounds it. confederates have to give it up
- lee flees
- sents letter to jeff davis to retreat. he hopes to meet up with a general to recover in mountains and be able to be an assurcnce in north carolina. (never gets there)
- lee surrenders
- to grant at appomattos court house
- 5 days after... good friday
- lincoln in assassined at fords theater by booth. it was a conspircy to kill a bunch of people to shock the north. the consiritors got caught and were put to death (hanged) a few days later they shot booth. and layed lincoln to rest at springfield
- next president
- andrew jackson