ABeka Science 6-2
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- What is "antivenin"?
- A medicine that deactivates venom from spider bites.
- Name two ambushing spiders.
- The ogre-faced spider and trapdoor spiders
- Describe the "tick".
- Rides on an animal, sucking its blood.
- Name two hunting spiders.
- spitting spiders and jumping spiders
- Name four members of the insect order "Hemiptera" or "half wings".
- bedbugs, squash bugs, stinkbugs, and water striders
- Name the three trap-weaving spiders.
- Platform spiders, funnel weavers, and house spiders
- Give three characteristics that distinguish scorpions from spiders.
- Scorpions have a long tail with a needle-like point; scorpions bear live young while spiders lay eggs; Scorpions have no tracheae or spiracles like spiders have
- What two distinct body regions do all spiders have?
- cephalothorax (like a head) and thorax
- Describe the tarantula spider.
- Do not see well; keen sense of touch; feed on insects, small reptiles, mammals and frogs; hide in burrows, under rocks, or on tree branches then pounce on prey; venom not dangerous to humans; leg span of 5-7 inches
- What are an insects "lungs" called?
- air sacs
- Name two swimming spiders.
- fishing spiders and water spiders
- Describe a "mite".
- Tiny, eight-legged creatures; Chiggers or "harvest mite" adults look much like red spiders
- Describe the "harvestman" or "daddy longlegs".
- Round body suspended between eight long, scrawny legs; not a spider because has only one body section; feeds on plant lice and insects; hunts for food; defense is an unpleasant musty smell
- What do we call invertebrates that have external skeletons, jointed appendages (legs, antennae, etc.) and segmented bodies?
- arthropods
- Name the "hairy giant" spider.
- Tarantula
- What is a "parasite"?
- An animal that feeds on living creatures.
- Describe the "scorpion".
- Long tail with a poisonous needlelike point on the end; defends itself by stabbing its victim; eats by crushing its prey with its pincers or mouth; bear live young; breathe entirely through book lungs
- True or False: The classification system moves from general to specific.
- True
- Name four arachnids that are not members of the spider family.
- Daddy longlegs, scorpions, ticks and mites
- What two infections can a parasite cause in animals and humans?
- mange in animals and scabies in humans
- Describe the platform spider.
- Blankets a small section of ground with a maze of silk called a "sheet web"; preys on fleas, grasshoppers, and other insects found in bushes and grass.
- What classification of animal has three distinct body regions: the head, the thorax, and the abdomen?
- Insects
- What is the largest spider in the world?
- Tarantula
- What is a "host".
- The animal the parasite feeds off of.
- Describe the brown recluse spider.
- half the size of a black widow (1/2 inch); dark violin-shaped mark on the top of its light brown or tan body; six tiny eyes groups in three pairs
- What do we call a scientist who studies insects?
- Entomologist
- How do "jumping spiders" catch their prey?
- Hunts like a cat hunts mice; waits on plants, fences, and buildings; pounces on nearby objects.
- What is the smallest arachnid?
- Mites
- Describe a "funnel weaver" spider.
- Web shaped like a funnel with wide opening facing up and narrow opening pointing down; when insects fall into the funnel, it quickly pounces on its prey.
- What is the purpose of an insect's antennae?
- To help them feel, hear and taste
- How does the "water spider" survive?
- It builds a silk underwater house (like a bubble) which it fills with air from the surface; then lives its entire life underwater in this house. It leaves the "house" to hunt for food.
- Name two arachnids that are parasites.
- Ticks and mice
- Describe a "house spider".
- Weaves untidy cobwebs; destroys tiny household pests
- Which category is the smallest, most specific category in the classification system?
- Species
- What body section of a spider consists of a combined head and thorax?
- Cephalothorax
- What is the name of the order of insects which includes all beetles?
- Coleoptera (meaning "sheath wings")
- List six differences between insects and spiders.
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1. Body Shape: Insects have three (head, thorax and abdomen) and Spiders have two (cephalothorax and abdomen).
2. Insects have six legs; spiders have eight.
3. Insects have two simple and two compound eyes; spiders have eight simple eyes.
4. Insects have clear vision; spiders poor.
5. Insects have wings; spiders do not.
6. Insects have antennae; spiders do not.
7. Insects breathe through spiracles and tracheae; spiders breathe through spiracles, tracheae and book lungs - All insects have how many pairs of jointed legs?
- Three
- How does the "fishing spider" catch its prey?
- Chases insects on the surface of the water or lures insects and small grogs within reach by sitting quietly and vibrating its legs to create a ripple. When the prey comes close enough, it dives down and catches it.
- Name three insects in the order "Hymenoptera", meaning "membrane wings". They are social and live together in colonies.
- Bees, ants and wasps
- What two poisonous spiders are found in the United States?
- Black widow and the brown recluse
- What are the two types of metamorphosis?
- Complete or incomplete
- How does the "ogre-faced spider" capture its prey?
- Hangs from a thin strand of silk by one or two feet until an insects walks underneath; then drops a net over the insect, pulls it tight, and hoists the insect up into the air.
- What do an arthropod's jointed legs and segmented bodies provide?
- flexibility and the ability to crawl, walk, and jump
- Describe the black widow spider.
- found in dark basements, sheds, piles of sticks and other sheltered areas; just under an inch in length; red, orange, or yellow "hourglass" on its black abdomen.
- What are the five types of vertebrates?
- birds, mammals, fish, amphibians, and reptiles
- How does the "spitting spider" capture its prey?
- Creeps to within firing range of an insect, spits out a pair of strong, sticky threads; moves in and paralyzes it with a poisonous bite.
- Air enters an insect's body through tiny openings in the abdomen called what?
- Spiracles
- How do "trapdoor spiders" capture their prey?
- Dig a hole in the ground, like it with silk, and build a silk trap door. It hides the door with dirt and leaves and waits inside the pit until an unsuspecting insect walks over; then it lunges out and surprises the prey.
- Insects have both simple eyes and compound eyes. What are the purposes of each?
- Simple eyes help them see light and shadow; compound eyes help them see in many directions at once.
- What three types of silk are produced by a spider's special glands?
- strong, eleastic silk; sticky silk; and wrapping silk
- Most insects have how many pair of wings?
- One or more
- What is a "book lung"?
- A special organ in a spider where several thin sheets of tissue filled with blood vessels are stacked like pages in a book. It assists the spider in breathing.
- Name the 7 categories in the Classification System.
- Kingdom (animals), Phylum (Vertebrates), Class (Mammals), Order (Carnivores), Family (Felids), Genus (Felis), Species (Catus)
- Where does a spider produce silk to make webs?
- In glands
- What is an "invertebrate"?
- An animal without a backbone.
- How do spiders breathe?
- Through spiracles, tracheae and their book lung
- Name the only two insects who belong to the order "Odonata" meaning "toothed" for the toothlike projections these insects have on their mouths.
- Dragonflies and damselflies (long, slender bodies, huge eyes, and two pairs of equal-sized transparent wings)
- What are "setae"?
- Sensitive hairs the grow all over the body of a spider.
- Who developed the Classification System?
- Carolus Linnaeus (in the 1700s)
- What are "spinnerets"?
- Special tubelike structures in a spider which squirt long, thin streams of liquid silk which then harden so the spider can shape it with its feet.
- What does the external skeleton provide for an arthropod?
- protection, strength, and support
- What is "ballooning"?
- Young spiders sail through the air on silk strands that carry them from their place of birth to new homes.
- About 90% of all arthropods belong to which class from the classification system?
- Insects
- What are the four stages of the complete metamorphosis of a butterfly?
- Egg, larva (wormlike eating and growing stage), pupa (resting stage), and adult butterfly
- What are the breathing tubes called?
- tracheae
- Name six insects belonging to the order "Homoptera" meaning "same wings". When not flying, their wings rest on their back in the shape of a tent.
- aphids, tree hoppers, leaf hoppers, cicadas, scale insects and the lac.
- Name four insects which belong to the order "Orthoptera" meaning "straight wings".
- crickets, grasshoppers, locusts, and cockroaches
- Spiders belong to the class of insects called what?
- Arachnids
- What does a butterfly rest in during the pupa stage of metamorphosis?
- Chrysalis
- What are the four stages a grasshopper goes through during its incomplete metamorphosis?
- egg, nymph (miniature, wingless adult), molting (sheds its external skeleton), and adult grasshopper.
- What is "classification"?
- The process of arranging animals or other things into groups according to their similarities.
- What is a "vertebrate"?
- An animal with a backbone.
- What is a complete change in form or appearance called?
- Metamorphosis
- What is an arthropod's strong, lighweight external skeleton (exoskeleton) made of?
- Protein and chitin
- What two categories from the classification system are used to give a plant or animal its "scientific name"?
- Genus and species
- Name three members of the insect order "Diptera" or "two wings".
- Flies, gnats, and mosquitoes
- What is the name of the insect order which includes butterflies and moths? Thousands of microscopic scales on each wing give them the colors and markings we enjoy.
- Lepidoptera or "scale wings".
- What are the two kingdom divisions in the classification system?
- the Plant Kingdom and the Animal Kingdom
- Which category is the largest, most general category in the classification system?
- Kingdom
- What does a moth rest in during the pupa stage of metamorphosis?
- Cocoon
- How many legs does a spider have?
- Eight
- How many simple eyes do most spiders have?
- Eight
- What is a "cephalothorax"?
- The head of a spider