APHG chpt 4 b
Terms
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- denomination
- a particular religious group, usually associated with differing Protestant believe system
- pidgin
- language that may develope when two groups of people with different languages meet.
- indo-europian family
- language family including the gremanic and romance languages that is spoken by about 50% of the world's people
- universalizing religion
- religion that seeks to unite people from all over the globe
- global religion
- religion in which members are numerous and widespread and their doctrines might appeal to different people from any religion of the globe
- pilgrimage
- a journey to a place of religios importance
- ghetto
- a segregated ethnic area within a city
- diaspora
- people who come from a common ethnic background but who live in different regions outside of the home of their ethnicity
- language extinction
- this occurs whe a language is no longer in use by any living people
- fundamentalism
- the strict adherence to a particular doctrine
- multicultural
- having to do with many cultures
- Buddism
- system of belief that seeks to explian ultimate realities for all people- such as the nature of suffering ans the path toward self-realization
- ethnic cleansing
- the systematic attempt to remove all people of a particular ethnicity frim a country or region either by forced migration or genocide
- artifact
- any item that represents a material aspect of cultural
- cultural imperialism
- the dominance of one culture over another
- creole
- a pidgin that evoloves to the point at which it becomes the primary lanuguage of the people who speak it
- caste system
- system in india that gives every indian a particular place in the social hierarchy from birth. Individual may improve the position they inherit in their next life through their actions, or karma.
- popular culture
- dynamic culture based in large, heterogeneous societies permitting considerable individualism, innovation, and change;having a money based economy, division of labor into professions, secular institutions of control, and weak interpersonal ties; producing and consuming machine-made goods
- cultural complex
- the group of traits that define a particular culture
- missionary
- a person of a particular faith that travels in order to recruit new members into the faith represented
- judaism
- the first major monotheistic religion. It is based on a sense of ethnic identity, and its adherents tend to form tight knit communities wherever they live
- cultural trait
- the specific customs that are part of the everyday life of a particular culture, such as language, religion, ethnicity, social institutions, and aspects of popular culture
- environmental determinism
- a doctrine that claims that cultural traits are formed and controlled by environmental conditions
- islam
- a monotheistic religion based on the belief that there is one god, allah, and that muhammad was allah's prophet: based in the ancient city of Mecca, saudi arabia, the birthplace of allah
- ethnicity
- referes to a group of people who share a common identity
- folk culture
- refers to a constellation of cultural practices that form sights, smells, sounds, and ritual of everday existence in the traditional societies in which they developed
- monotheism
- the worship of one god
- culture
- a total way of life held in common by a group of people, including learning features such as language, ideology, behavior, tachnology, and government
- custom
- practices followed by the people of a particular cultural group
- lingua franca
- an extremely simple language that combines aspects of two or more more complex languages usually used for quick communication
- race
- a group of human beings distinguished by physical traits, blood types, genetic code patterns or genetically inherited characteristics
- ecumene
- the proportion of the earth inhabited by humans
- genocide
- a premeditated effort to kill everyone from a particular ethnic group
- cultural hearth
- locations of earth's surface where specific cultures first arose
- acculturation
- the adoption of cultural traits, such as , language, by one group under the influence pf another
- sino-tibetan family
- language area that spreads through most of Southeast Asia and China and is comprised of Chinese, Burmese, Tibetan, Japanese, and Korean
- toponym
- place names given to certian features on the land such as settlements, terrian features, and streams
- cultural geography
- the subfield of human geography that looks at how cultures vary over space
- polytheism
- the worship of more than one god
- ethnic religion
- religion that is identified with a particular ethinc or tribal group and that does not seek to convert people
- shaman
- the single person who takes on the roles of priest, counselor, and physician and acts as a conduit to the supernatural world ina shamanist culture
- christianity
- the world's most widespread religion: monothiestic, universal religion that uses missionaries to expand its members worldwide
- hinduism
- a cohesive and unique society, most prevelant in india, that integrates spiritual beliefs with daily practices and official institutions such as the caste system
- dialect
- geographically distinct versions of a single language the vary somewhat from the parent form
- syncretic
- traditions that borrow from both the past and present
- animism
- most prevelent in Africa and the Americas, doctrine in which the worlds is seen as being infused with spiritual and even supernatural powers
- roman languages
- any of the languages derived from the Latin including Italian, Spanish, French, and Romanian
- literacy
- the ability to read and write
- language group
- a set of languages with a relatively recent common origin and many similar characteristics
- ethnic neighborhoods
- an area within a city containing members of the some ethnic background
- evangelical religions
- religion in which an effort is made to spread a particular belief system
- cultural extinction
- obliteration of an entire culture by war, disease, acculturation, or a combination of the three
- language family
- a collection of many languages, all of which came from the same original tongue long ago, that have since evovolved different characteristics
- tradition
- cohesive collection of customs within a cultural group
- minority
- a racial or ethnic group smaller than a differing from the majority race or ethnicity in a particularly area or region
- local religion
- religions that are spatially bound to particular regions