PT 201. Chapter 2
Terms
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- chromosomes
- rod shaped sturctures that contain DNA
- catabolism
- process of breaking down complex materials (foods) to simpler substances and release energy
- anabolism
- process of building up complex materials (proteins) from simple ones
- cell membrane
- structure surrounding th cell
- cytoplasm
- material outside the nucleaus and in the membrane
- DNA
- chemical found in chromosomes thatt dircts the activities of the cells
- enoplasmic reticulum
- structure within the cytoplasm that makes large proteins form small proteins (ribosomes are here)
- genes
- regions of DNA in each chromosome
- karyotype
- picture of chromosomes in the nucleus of the cell
- metabolism
- the total f the chemical processes in a cell (anabolism + catabolism)
- mitochondria
- the structure int he cytoplasm that burns food and releases energy
- nucleus
- control center of the cell
- digestive
- mouth, pharynx, esophogus, stomach, intesties, liver, gall bladder, pancreas
- excretory
- kidneys, ureters, bladdder, urethra
- respiratory
- nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes, lungs
- reproductive
- (F) ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, mammary glands (M) testes, urethra, penis, prostate gland
- endocrine
- thyroid gland, pituitary gland, sex glands, adrenal glands, pancreas, parathyoid glands
- nervous
- brian, spinal cord, nerves
- circulatory
- heart, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nodes, spleen, and thymus gland
- musculoskeletal
- muscles, bones, joints
- skin and sense
- kin, hair, nails, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, eye, ear, nose, tongue
- adipose
- fat cells
- cartilidge
- flexible connective tissue attached to bones at joints
- epithelial cells
- cells covering the outside of the body and lining of organs
- histologist
- tissue specialist
- larynx
- voice box
- pharynx
- throat
- pituitary gland
- gland at base of brain
- thyroid gland
- gland that surronds the trahea
- ureter
- kidney to bladder tube
- urethra
- bladder out tube
- uterus
- womb
- viscera
- internal organs
- abdominal cavity
- spcae below te chest
- cranial cavity
- space in the head containing the brain
- diaphragm
- muscle between abdominal and thoracic cavities
- mediastinum
- centrally locatd space between the lungs
- pelvic cavity
- space below the abdomen
- peritoneum
- double layered membrane surrounding abdominal organs
- pleura
- double membrane surrounding lungs
- pleural cavity
- between pleura and lung
- spinal cavity
- space withing the spinal column and containing the spinal cord