Organelles
Terms
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- Cell Wall
- Thick/Rigid. Prevents Excess Water. Plants/Fungi/Protists
- Plasma Membrane
- 2 layers of phospolipids forming bilayer. Outermost boundry in animal cells. Next to cell wall in plants/fungi/protists. Has selective permeability.
- Nucleus
- Largest organelle. chomatin strings of DNA. Directs mitosis and protein synthesis.
- Nuclear Membrane
- Double Bilayer with nuclear pores.
- Endoplasmic Reticulum (general)
- Continuous with Nuclear Envolope.
- Rough ER
- Flat sacs. Ribosomes are attached and modifies proteins.
- Smooth ER
- Tubular with no ribosomes. Lipid synthesis, calcium ion storage and enzymes that process harmful substances.
- Ribosomes
- Small organelles of two subunits for protein synthesis.
- Golgi apparatus
- Membranous organelle of stacks of flattened sacs and associated vesicles. Recives/modifies/packages/ships products from ER
- Lysosomes
- Orange interior. Made by Rough ER and Golgi Apparatus. Sac of digestive enzymes. Helps with bulk material by endocytosis and destroys worn out organelles.
- Vacuole
- sacs varying in shape and size with lots of functions
- Central Vacuole
- Where plants store water vital chemicals and waste.
- Chloroplasts
- Green plastid that does photosynthesis. Store green pigment chlorophyll
- Mitochondria
- Enclosed by to membranes forming 2 fluid filled compartments. Smooth outer and inner lie in folds called Cristae. Carries out cellular respiration converting foods to chemical energy in ATP.
- amyloplast
- stores starch. Is plastid.
- Chromoplast
- Plastid that stores red/yellow/orange pigments. Gives plants their color aids in photosynthesis.
- Cytoskeleton
- protein fibers in cell
- Centrioles
- Tubular structures serving as point of radiating spindle fibers in mitosis of animal cells. located in Centrosome