Psych 100 (OSUN)
Terms
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- Developed the first tests used to determine the mental age of school children
- Alfred Binet
- Intelligence is affected by...?
- Enviromental experiences
- The chronological age typical given to the level of performance
- Mental Age
- 2 Kinds of intelligence
-
Abstract concept
Socially constructed concept -
a mental quality consinsisting of the ability to
learn form experience
solve problems
Use knowledge to adopt to new situations - Intelligence
- Theory of Multiple Intelligence by Gardner
- Academics, musical abilities, spatial, social understanding, knowing about nature
- Limited mental ability, retains an exceptptional specific skills
- savant syndrome
- the ability to perceive, express , understand and regulate emotions
- Emotional Intellience
- Low test score and difficulty adapting to the normal demands of lving indepentently
- Mental Retardation
- Genetic and often leading to severe mental retardation
- Down Syndrome
-
usually well adjusted
has contoversy surrounding their programs
necessarily have higher grade
labeling and selfesteem issues - Gifted Childreen
- being able to produce novel and valuable ideas
- Creativity
- 5 componentss of creativity
-
expertise
imaginative thinking skills
venturesome personality
intrinsic motivation
creative enviroment - Children who have been diagnosed with autism show defecits in Theory of Mind tasks - True or False
- True
- Seperation Anxiety peaks in infants around 12 months of age
- 12 months
- The rapid, innate learning mechanism knowns as imprinting was investigated by
- Konrad Lorenz
- Mary Ainsworth strange situation studies found the majority of children to be insecurely attached to their caregivers - True or False
- False
- Two Newborn reflexes
-
Rooting reflex
Swipting reflex - Social Bonds are Universal - True or False
- True
- Actively seaking to be close and gain attention is what ___ months to ___ years
- 6 months to 3 years
- strong emotional tie binding us to another.
- attachment
-
8 - 13 mths
Prefer Familiar Face
Increases Survival - Stranger Anxiety
-
12 mths
Distress displayed by infants when a customary care provider departs - Seperation Anxiety
-
suggests that attachment had a biological basis
- Attachment Theory
- Has a sensitive period for forming attachments
- Birth to 3 yrs
-
Rapid, innate, learning that takes place during a critical period.
attachment to the first moving object seen - Imprinting
-
showed wiwth monkeys that food alone is insufficient to bring about attachment
(Nature vs. Nurture)
Wire Monkey vs. Cloth Monkey - Harry Harlow
- mother used as safe base, at ease when she is present, exploring where they see here, upset when she leaves and comforted instantly when she returns
- Securely attached Children
- little interest in exploring, when she returns child avoids her or acts out.
- Insecurely attached children
- measures the strength and awaiting of attachment between child and mother
- Strange Situation
-
Child Rearing:
Parents impose rules + expect obiedence
Linked to lower social skills and self-esteem - Authoritarian
-
submit to cchildres desires make few demands use little punishment
Linked to immaturity and aggressive behavior - Permissive
- Study of changes that occur in peoples abilities and dispositions as they grow older
- Developmental psychology
- Fertilized Egg
- Zygote
-
Conception to 2 weeks,
Undergoes two weeks of rapid cell division,
Attachment to uterine wall - Zygote
-
Cells begin to specialize and form organs
Six Weeks period
Heart begins to beat - Embryo
-
Embryonic Developments:
3rd week - Neutral tube develops
-
Embryonic Developments:
21 days - Eyes begin to appear
-
Embryonic Developments:
4th week - first appearance of arma nd leg buds, chambers of the heart take shape
-
Embryonic Developments:
5th - 8th weeks - Arms and legs differeatiate further, face starts to form, intestinal track develops
-
Embryonic Developments:
7th - 8th Week - Sexual genes impact formation of sex organs
- 9th week - Birth
- Fetus
- By 3 months
- fetus swallos and urinates
- 4th - 6th months
-
mother may feel fetus move
thumn sucking, response to loud noises and lights
5 1/2 mths capable of surving outside womb - 7th - 9th months
-
Rapid weight gain
critical develipment time for the brain - Aents such as chemicals or viruses, that can reach the embryo or fetus during prenatal development and cause harm
- Teratogens
- resticts blood flow to fetus, higher rates of miscarriage, slows fetal groth, high incidence of perterm briths and lower birthweights, greater probablilyt of respiratory, SIDS
- Smoking
-
Facial deformities (1st trimester)
Defective libmbs, face, and heart
Below average intelligence/ mental retardation (2nd/3rd trimester)
Adult with FAS high incidence of mental disorders
(depression or anxiety)
- FAS ( Fetal Alcohol Syndrome)
- When touched on the cheek, an infant will open his/her mouth and search for his mothers nipple
- Rooting Reflex
-
prefer mother odor and voice, automatically turns heard in direction of human voices
Perfer to look at objects 8 - 12 inches away
Gaze longer at face like figures - Infancy (0-24 months)
-
Brain Development:
Rapid develipment of nerve cells - Before Birth
-
Brain Development:
had most of the baincells you will ever have, nervous system immature - At Birth
-
Brain Development:
Neural networks have groth spurt - Post Natal
- Biological groth process that enable orderly changes in behavior
- Maturation