Texas Massage Therapist Study

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The study of the function of an organism is called?: physiology
All substances are made up of subatomic particles that form?: atoms
The krebs cycle occurs in __________.: mitochondria
There are _____ pairs of spinal nerves.: 31
The foramen is __________.: a hole in a bone
A deep depression in a bone is know as ___________.: fossa
A line of union of bones is called __________.: suture
The liquid part of blood is known as _________.: plasma
__________ carry blood away from the heart: Arteries
__________ carry blood back to the heart.: Veins
Cavities and capsules in and around joints are lined with a connective tissue membrane called ______________.: synovial membrane
_________ acts as a lubricant between the ends of bones and in spaces of great activity and friction.: synovial fluid
All living matter is composed of a colorless, jelly-like substance called?: protoplasm
What is the name of the code of ethics used by physicians?: Hippocratic Oath
What are the five categories of tissues in the body?: Epithelial
Connective
Muscular
Nervous
Liquid
Substances that act as organic catalysts to initiate, accelerate or control specific chemical reactions in the metabolic process are called?: enzymes
What are the two phases of metabolism?: anabolism - process of building up larger molecules from smaller ones

catabolism - breaking down of larger molecules into smaller ones.
The tissue that is a thin protective layer or covering that functions in the process of absorption, excretion, secretion and protection is?: epithelial tissue
________ is the fibrous tissue between muscle bundles or forming the sheath around muscles or other structures that support nerves and blood vessels.: fascia
A group of tissues that form complex structures that perform certain functions are called?: organs
The basic unit of structure or function in the human body is?: cell
Who is know as the father of modern massage terminology?: Dr. Johann Metzger
The study of the structure of an organism is known as?: anatomy
Cells are organized into layers or groups called?: tissues
The pricipal parts of a cell are?: cytoplasm, nucleus, centrosome and cell membrane
The thin covering of the outer surface of the cytoplasm of a cell is called?: cell membrane
Which cell component divides into two parts during mitosis and moves to opposite poles of the dividing cell?: centrosome
Which cell component uses enzymes to digest foreign substances?: lysosome
Which cell component is responsible for releasing energy?: mitochondria
Which cell component contains DNA and supervises all cell activity?: nucleus
The network of sacs and canals inside a cell are known as?: endoplasmic reticulum
Cell division is known as?: mitosis
The complex chemical and physical process that takes place in living organisms where the cells are nourished and carry out their various activities is called?: metabolism
________ carry impulses toward the cell body.: Dendrites
______________ are considered the protein factory for the cell.: ribosomes
The main three layers of the skin are?: Epidermis
Dermis
Subcutaneous
What is the name of the muscle that gives us goose bumps?: arrector pili
What are the sections of the spine and how many bones are in each section?: Cervicle - 7
Thoracic - 12
Lumbar - 5
Sacrum - 1
Coccyx - 1
What is the name given to the first vertebrae on the top of the spine?: atlas (c1)
A condyle is ____________.: a small knuckle like process on a bone
The crest of a bone is ___________.: a narrow ridge-like projection
The head of a bone is _______________.: a rounded process above the neck of the bone
The ___________ Neurons originate from the periphery and carry onto the Central Nervous System.: Sensory Afferent
The _________ Nervous System is the one in which all nerves outside the brain and spinal cord reside.: Peripheral
The ___________ Neurons go from the brain to the skeletal muscle.: Motor Efferent
__________ are the structural unit of the Nervous System.: Neurons
The part of the Neuron that is conductive is the ____________.: Axon
The part of the Neuron that is receptive is the ___________.: Dendrites
__________ is the clear fluid that nourishes and protects the brain and spinal cord.: Cerebrospinal Fluid
The superficial layer of the Meninges is the __________.: Dura Matter
The spinal cord begins at ____ and ends at _______.: medulla oblongata
L2
A clot moving in the blood stream is known as _________.: an embolism
The _________ is tha largest part of the brain located at the top and front of the head.: cerebrum
The main parts of the brain stem are__________.: Midbrain
Pons
Medulla Oblongata
The part of the brain responsible for balance and muscle control is the ___________.: cerebellum
The _________ passes between the anterior and middle scalenes.: brachial plexus
The Autonomic Nervous System contains ________ and ____________ divisions.: Parasympathetic
Sympathetic
The _________ division of the Autonomic Nervous System is used for energy conservation.: Parasympathetic
In an emergency, the ______ division of the Autonomic Nervous System increases respiration, heart rate and cardiac rate.: Sympathetic
The double-layered membrane that covers the heart is called__________.: pericardium
The microscopic thin-walled vessels that use diffusion to exchange gases with the tissues are ____________.: capillaries
__________ blood circulation is where the blood flow is out of the left side of the heart to the body and back tot he heart.: Systemic
____________ circulation is where blood flows from the right side of the heart to the lungs and back to the heart.: Pulmonary
The largest vein is the ____________.: Superior Vena Cava
Plasma is approximately _____% of blood volume.: 55
99% of the formed elements in blood are the ___________.: Erythrocytes
________ contain red blood cells. ____________ contain white blood cells.: Erythrocytes
Leukocytes
The main job of the _______ is to fight infection and prevent hemorrhaging.: leukocytes
Red and whit blood cells are formed in the _________.: red bone marrow
Inflammation of a vein is called ___________.: Phlebitis
Protruding, bulbous, distended superficial veins usually found in the lower legs are called _________.: varicose veins
Lymph collected from the majority of the body flows through the _________.: Thoracic (left) Duct
The ___________ drains lymph from the right side of the head, neck, chect and right arms.: Right Lymphatic Duct
The lymph node located under the armpit is the __________.: axillary node
The condition where excess fluid builds up in the interstitial spaces is known as _________.: edema
The master gland is the _________.: pituitary gland
The _________ glands are located on top of the kidneys.: adrenal
The ______ creates insulin.: pancreas
___________ is the exchange of gases.: Respiration
The vocal cords are located in the ______.: larynx
The air sacs at the end of the bronchial tree are the ________.: aveoli
The _______ plane divides the body into left and right sides.: sagittal
The _________ plane divides the body into equal left and right sides.: midsagittal
The _________plane divides the body into front and back sides.: frontal or coronal
The _______ plane divides the body into top and bottom sections.: transverse or horizontal
______ means away from the midline or point of origin.: distal
_______ means near the point of origin.: proximal
__________ means toward the head.: superior
________ means away from the head or toward the feet.: inferior
________ means situated in front of.: anterior
________ means situated in back of.: posterior
The anterior or posterior cavity consists of _________.: thoracic cavity
abdominal cavity
pelvic cavity
The subatomic particle found in the nucleus which carries a positive charge is ___________.: proton
96% of the human body is made up of what elements?: nitrogen
carbon
hydrogen
oxygen
Molecules are formed by 2 or more _______.: atoms
Negatively charges particles orbiting the nucleus are _________.: electrons
Non-charges particles found in the nucleus are ________.: neutrons
What are the 5 stages of cell mitosis?: Interphase - normal state
Prophase - Nuclear membrane disappears
Metaphase - Chromosomes line up
Anaphase - chromosomes separated
Telophase - Cytoplasm divides into 2 cells
(2 cells are back to Interphase)
The most abundant tissue in the body is _________ tissue.: connective
_______ tissue binds skin to underlying tissue.: areolar
_______ tissue stores energy and provides insulation.: Adipose
The primary mineral in bones is _______.: calcium carbonate
The loss of bone mass and minerals is called ____________.: osteoporosis
_________ is the connective tissue at the end of long bones.: Articular cartilage
__________ contains no blood vessels or nerves.: Cartilage
Bone growth takes place in the ________.: epipheseal plate
________ is the membrane that surrounds the shaft of long bones.: Periosteum
The spongy tissue at the end of long bones is _________.: epiphysis
The production of red blood cells is called ________.: hemopoesis
________ are the vertical canals that blood vessels run through within a bone.: Haversion
______ is where blood vessels and nerves penetrate compact bone.: Volkmann's canal
The shaft of a long bone is called ________.: diaphysis
The medullary cavity is lined with _______.: endosteum
There are __ cranial bones.: 8
There are ___ facial bones.: 14
The only bone in the body that does not articulate with other bones is the ________.: hyoid
The hyoid is part of the ___ skeleton.: axial
There are ____ axial bones and ___ appendicular bones.: 80
126
A lateral curve of the spine is known as ______.: scoliosis
________ is an exaggerated curve of the spine usually in the thoracic region.: kyphosis (hunch back)
________ is an exaggerated curve of the spine usually in the lumbar region.: lordosis (sway back)
The end of the tibia is known as the ________.: medial malleolus
___ ribs articulate with the spine.: All
There are __ true ribs and __ false ribs.: 7
5
C1 & C2 are what type of vertabra?: cervical
An accumulation of fatty deposits on the inner walls of the arteries is called___________________.: atherosclerosis
The Upper Respiratory System consists of the _____ and ________.: nose
pharynx
The dorsal or posterior cavity consist of ________.: cranial cavity
vertabral cavity
The junction between two Neurons is know as _______.: synapse
The largest artery is the ___________.: aorta
What are the shapes of epithelial tissue?: squamous - flat
cuboidal - cube-shaped
columnar - tall or rectangular
Who's is considered the father of medicine?: Hippocrates
________ membranes produce a watery substance that acts as a lubricant.These membranes line the body cavities.: serous
_________ contain no oxygen, while _________do carry oxygen.: arteries
veins
_________ supply blood to the capillaries.: Arterioles
__________ membranes produce thick, sticky substances that acts as a protectant and lubricant. They line the surfaces of the digestive and upper respiratory tracts.: mucous
The bones in the hand that articulate with the radius are the _______ & _________.: scaphoid
lunate
The ________ is the largest tarsal.: calcaneus
Immovable joints are know as ___________.: synarthrosis
Slightly moveable joints are called _______.: amphiarthrosis
The synarthosis joints that are between the occipital and parietal are called __________.: lamdoidal sutures
The place where the upper appendicular and the axial skeleton articulate is known as ______________.: sternoclavicular
The place where the lower appendicular and the axial skeleton articulate is known as ____________.: isiosachral
__________connects bone to bone and _______connects bone to muscle.: Ligaments
tendons
The joint in the matacarpal of the thumb is a _____ joint.: saddle
Carpals, tarsals, vertegrae and ribs have _________ joints.: gliding
Who was the fencing master and gymnastics instructor who is widely considered the father of Swedish massage?: Per Henrik Ling
Water used in its three forms (solid, liquid, vapor) in the treatment of disease or trauma is known as _______.: hydrotherapy
Contraction of the diphragm is basically for _________.: inspiration
The _____________ muscles are synergists in expiration.: internal intercostals
The ribs are depressed by which muscles?: internal intercostals
The ribs are elevated by which muscles?: external intercostals
The _________ muscles rotate the trunk.: external obliques
The ___________ muscles form the outer layer of lateral and interior abdominal wall.: external oliques
The piriformis _________ and ________ rotates the thigh: abducts
laterally
The origin of the upper trapezius is the ________.: cervical spine
The insertion of the upper trapezius is the ___________.: clavicle and acromion
The origin of the middle of the trapezius is the __________.: C7 - T5 spinous processes
The insertion of the middle trapezius is the ___________.: spine of the scapula
The origin of hte lower trapezius is the __________.: T5 - T12 spinous processes
The insertion of the lower trapezius is the _________.: spine of the scapula
The origin of Rhomboid Major is the _______.: T2- T5 spinous processes
The insertion of Rhomboid Major is the __________.: lower vertabral border of the scapula
The origin of Rhomboid Minor is the ________.: C7 - T1 spinous processes
The insertion for Rhomboid Minor is the ____________.: vertabral border of the spine of the scapula
Elevation and upward rotation of the scapula is the action of the ____________ muscle.: trapezius
The muscles that retract and rotate the scapula downward are the _____ and _________.: rhomboid major and rhomboid minor
The origin of the levator scapulae is the ______.: transverse process C1 - C4
The insertion of the levator scapulae is the ______________.: vertebral border of the scapula
The origin of the pectoralis minor is the __________.: anterior ribs 3,4,5
The insertion of the pectoralis minor is the ___________.: caracoid process
The origin of the serratus anterior is the __________.: anterior ribs 1 - 8
The insertion of the serratus anterior is the _________.: anterior aspect of the vertebral border of the scapula
The action of the levator scapulae is to elevate the ________ and to move the neck ___________.: scapula
laterally
Forward rotation and depression of the scapula are actions of the ________muscle.: pectoralis minor
The ________ muscle stabilizes the scapula and provides upward rotation and protraction of the scapula.: serratus anterior
The origin for the clavicular end of the pectoralis major mucle is the ___________.: clavicular head (medial clavicle)
The origin for the sternal end of the pectoralis major is the ___________.: sternum, costal cartilage of ribs 1 - 6
The insertion for the pectoralis major is the ______________.: lateral ridge of the bicipital groove
The action of the ___________ is the adduction, horizontal adduction, medial rotation and flexion of the humerus.: pectoralis major
The origin of the coracobrachialis is the ___________.: coracoid process of the scapula
The insertion of the coracobrachialis is the ___________.: medial humerus
Abduction, flexion and medial rotation (anterior portion), extension and lateral rotation (posterior portion)of the arm are actions of the ________ muscle.: deltoid
The origins of the deltiod are the _________.: 1. lateral, anterior 1/3 of distal clavicle
2.lateral boarder of the acromion
3.scapular spine
The insertion of the deltiod is the __________.: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
The origin of the supraspinatus is the ___________.: supraspinous fossa
The insertion of the suprapsinatus is the ____________.: uppermost of three facets of the greater tubercle of humerus
The actions of the deltoid are __________.: 1. abducts arm
2. flexion and medial rotation (anterior portion)
3. extension and lateral rotation (posterior portion)
The actions of the supraspinatus are ________.: 1. abduction of arm (first 15-20°)
2. stabilizes glenohumeral joint
The origin of the infraspinatus is the ___________.: infraspinous fossa
The insertion of the infraspinatus is the _________.: middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus
The actions of the infraspinatus are ___________.: 1. external rotation of the humerus
2. stabilizes the glenohumeral joint

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Deck Info

Number of cards 192