Biology Chapter 9
Terms
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- The skin cells that reproduce are where?
- Under the top layer of skin, to replace the dead skin on top and help to grow.
- When offspring are identical it is called...
- Asexual reproduction.
- This reproduction involves two seperate parents
- Sexual reproduction
- Cellular division is call...
- Asexual reproduction.
- Most multicellular organisms reproduce through...
- Sexual reproduction.
- Chromatin is a combination of...
- DNA and protein molecules.
- Visible compacted chromatin structures...
- Chromosomes
- Two identical joined copies of chromosomes are..
- Sister chromatids
- The region where the sister chromatids are tightly locked together is called the...
- Centromere
- Eukaryotic cells that do divide undergo an orderly sequence of events known as the...
- Cell cycle
- Interphase
- Cell carries out metabolic processes.
- The stage of cell cycle where cell is actually dividing.
- Mitotic phase.
- In mitosis...
- The nucleus and duplicated chromosomes divide, forming two daughter nuclei.
- In cytokinesis...
- Cytoplasm is divided into two.
- A football-shaped framework of microtubules called the spindle.
- Spindle.
- Centrosomes
- Regions of cytoplasmic material that in animal cells contain structures called centrioles.
- Stage 1 of mitosis
- Prophase
- Stage 2 of mitosis
- Metaphase
- Stage 3 of mitosis
- Anaphase
- Stage 4 of mitosis
- Telophase
- In prophase...
- Chromosomes form, spindle forms, nuclear envelope breaks.
- In metaphase...
- Spindle fully formed, chromosomes gather in middle of cell.
- In anaphase...
- Chromatids seperate
- In telophase...
- Prophase is reversed
- When cytokinesis occurs in plants, this forms...
- Cell plate
- In animal cells, cytokinesis...
- Is like squeezing the cell with elastic ring.
- An abnormal mass of essentially normal cells is called a...
- Benign tumor.
- Malignant tumors are...
- Masses of cells that result from the reproduction of cancer cells.
- Cancer is disease caused by...
- Severe disruption of mechanisms that normally control the cell cycle.
- The spread of cancer cells beyond their original cite is called...
- Metastasis.
- This tumor is the more harmful of the two...
- Malignant tumor.
- Cancer treatments such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy...
- Attempt to stop the division of cancerous cells, but can harm normal cells in the process.
- Meiosis is...
- Type of cell division that produces four cells with one half the number of chromosomes.
- A display of the 46 chromosomes of an individul is called...
- Karyotype
- The two chromosomes of each pair are called...
- Homologous chromosomes.
- The sex chromosomes...
- Are the 23rd pair, and determine the person's sex.
- The difference between sister chromatids and homologous chromosomes is...
- Sister chromatids are identical.
- Diploid cells...
- Contain 2 homologous sets of chromosomes.
- Sex cells are also known as...
- Gametes
- A cell with a single set of chromosomes is called a...
- Haploid cell.
- Fusion of sex cells is called...
- Fertilization
- A fertilized egg is called a...
- Zygote.
- 2n
- Diploid cells
- N
- Haploid cells
- Paired chromosomes with four chromatids are called...
- Tetrads.