Ferg's Honors Bio Vocabulary
Terms
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- Angiosperm
- A plant with its seeds in an ovary
- Anther
- The part of the Stamen with pollen
- Apical Meristem
- The mass of cells at the root tip which grow
- Bark
- All tissues outside of the vascular cambium. The dark brown stuff on the outside of the tree.
- Blade
- The part that sticks out of a leaf or petal
- Cambium
- The layer of cells just under the epidermis in which growth occurs
- Carpel
- The female reproductive part of a plant with the stigma, style and ovary
- Casparian Strip
- A waxy strip inside a plant
- Cohesion
- When two plant parts that are normally separate grow together
- Companion Cell
- What loads organic compounds into the sieve tube members of plants
- Competition
- The rivalry between two things
- Complete Flower
- A flower that is totally complete with petals, sepals, stamen, and a carpel
- Cortex
- The layer of cells right inside of the epidermis
- Cotyledon
- The little bump in a seed that will later become the leaf
- Cuticle
- The waxy part on top of the epidermis on the leaf that prevents it from absorbing too much water
- Dermal Tissue
- Covers the outer surface of the stem and serves to protect it and to control the water intake
- Desert Adaptations
- When a plant adapts to desert conditions
- Dicots
- Flowering plant with two seed leafs
- Embryo
- The tiny plant in a seed
- Endodermis
- The innermost layer of the cortex, very thin, wraps around vascular cylinder in roots
- Epidermis
- The outermost layer of cells in a plant, separating it from the world and the insides of it
- Fertilization
- .When the pollen meets the carpel successfully
- Fibrous Root
- A type of root where all of the little roots are about the same size in width and length
- Fruit
- A seed bearing plant’s ripened ovary
- Germination
- When a plant starts growing again after it has been dormant
- Ground Tissue
- All the tissue other than the epidermis and the vascular tissues
- Guard Cells
- Two cells that wrap around the stoma, allowing it to open and close
- Heartwood
- The wood of a tree at the heart of a tree that is non living and darker than the living
- Leaf
- A green specimen protruding out of a tree, good for photosynthesis and sunlight intake
- Meristem
- The part of a stem/root that grows. It’s normally at the tip
- Mesophyll (palisade & spongy)
- The parenchyma that is photosynthetic and spongy has big spaces of air in it and palisade has not so many spaces
- Monocot
- A flowering plant with one seed leaf
- Multiple Fruit
- A fruit formed by more than one flower. Originally the flowers have their own fruit but later it morphs into one
- Node
- The place on a plant where a leaf or leaves are attached
- Ovary
- The part of the carpel at the bottom that holds the ovule or ovules
- Ovule
- The structure that forms inside the ovary containing the embryo sac that will later become a seed
- A flower with all four parts, that is petals, sepals, stamen, and a carpel.
- A flower with all four parts, that is petals, sepals, stamen, and a carpel.
- Perennial
- A plant that lives for more than two years
- Petals
- The part of a flower immediately surrounding the reproductive organs
- Petiole
- The part of a leaf that supports it; the stalk of a leaf
- Phloem
- A part of the vascular tissue of a plant that is responsible for the transport of food (organic compounds.)
- Pith
- The central portion of a stem, mainly soft tissue; mainly parenchyma
- Photosynthesis
- The process when plants take in sunlight as energy, and change it to chemical energy
- Pollen
- When pollen goes from the anther to the stigma
- Rainforest Adaptations
- When a plant adapts to rainforest conditions
- Receptacle
- The part of a flower stem that holds the reproductive organs
- Rhizome
- A root growing horizontally sending out multiple stems, or structures growing out of the ground
- Root
- Starts as the radical in a seed, and becomes the root as it grows downward underground, absorbing food, minerals and water
- Root Cap
- A mass of cells at the root tip which protect the growing part of the root
- Root Pressure
- Pressure built up in roots that pushes water and organic compounds up towards the sink of a plant
- Sapwood
- The living tissue in a tree conducting water
- Seed
- The product of successful reproduction; a mature, fertilized plant ovule.
- Seed Coat
- A protective covering over the seed
- Sepals
- Not to be mistaken for petals, they surround the fertile organs of a flower.
- Sieve Tube Members
- The conducting tubes of Phloem, living cells, and they transport organic compounds.
- Simple Leaf
- A leaf with one blade, never more than one leaf per stalk
- Stamen
- The part of a male reproductive organ of a flower
- Stem
- A long, slender structure supporting a plant, normally has leaves and a flower
- Stigma
- The very tip of the carpel, normally sticky to receive pollen
- Stoma
- Surrounded by two guard cells, it opens and closes to allow gasses through the epidermis
- Style
- The long, slender part of a carpel connecting the stigma and ovary
- Taproot
- A root that has one main, fat and large section sending off little root hairs.
- Translocation
- The transfer of a chromosomal segment to a new position or place
- Transpiration
- The process in which water molecules are lost from plants when they make their way from roots to a sink
- Tropism
- When a plant’s growth alters because of an environmental factor; like leaves growing towards the light.
- Turgor Pressure
- The pressure of internal fluids on a cell wall when water moves into that cell
- Vascular Cylinder:
- A group of vascular tissues in the center of the root tissue
- Vascular Tissue
- The conducting tissues in a plant, Xylem and Phloem
- Vein
- One of the Vascular bundles that goes throughout the leaf, carrying water and food for the plant
- Xylem
- A part of the vascular tissue of a plant that conducts water throughout the plant