E.vermicularis and T. trichiuris
Terms
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- what are the first two roundworms and what is similar about them?
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Enterobius vermicularis and Trichuris trichiura
-have similar life cycles. - how do e. vermicularis and t. trichiura enter humans?
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-ova in environment
-embryonate
-get eaten by humans - what happens after embryonated ova are eaten?
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-larvae hatch in sm. intestine
-adults develop in large intest
-fertilization occurs
life cycle varies here. - at what point do the life cycles similarities end between e. vermic and t. trichiu?
- after the adults fertilize in the large intestine.
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What happens after fertilization in
-E. vermicularis -
Males die in intestine
-Female (gravid) migrates to the perianal area, lays her ova,
ova get into environment and start over. -
what happens after fertilization in
-t. trichiura -
-ova are laid in the intestine
-ova are passed in feces, get out into the environment.
start over -
what is the infectious stage of e. vermicularis/t. trichiura?
what is the transmission mode? -
-the embryonated stage
-transm. is by ingestion of embryonated ova -
what disease does e. vermicularis cause?
2 common names for it:
where is it?
in what host(s) -
Enterobiasis
Pinworm or Seatworm
Worldwide
in Humans -
how big are the adult females of e. vermicularis?
males?
ovum? -
females: 10 by .5 mm
males: 4mm
ovum: about 55 by 25 - what are the things at the end of the esophagus in e. vermic?
- alar expansions
- what surrounds the e. vermic ovum?
- thick hyaline membrane
- what are 3 symptoms of e. vermicularis?
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inflammation
itching
-perianal,perineal,vaginal
insomnia - how is e. vermicularis diagnosed?
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do a scotch tape prep 3x
-at home
mostly found on kids anyway - how is e. vermicularis treated
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mebendazole
-but it only kills adults so take over 3 wk period; treat the whole fam - it's like lice in the butt - what's a variation of the life cycle that e. vermic can do?
- auto-infection: larva hatch while still in perianal area and move right back up into intestine
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what disease is caused by t. trichiura?
-whats a common name for it?
-where is it found?
-what is the host of it? -
trichiuriasis
-whipworm
-in subtropic climates, not arid
-humans, more kids than adults -
how long are t. trichiura
-females
-ovum -
females: 40 mm long
ovum: 50 x 25 u - what's unique about how t. trichiura adults act in the intestine?
-
imbed their anterior into mucosa; posterior hangs free.
-female butt fills with eggs
-male butt coils
-both stay attached (male until he dies), so won't see on fecal specimen. - what are 4 distinguishing charact of t. trichiura ovum?
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-football shaped
-bile-stained from passing thru the intestine.
-polar plugs of mucus
-thick outer wall. - what stage of t. trichiuris is best for diagnosis?
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the FECAL STAGE
blech - what are the usual symptoms of t. trichiura?
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-abdominal pain
-bloody diarrhea
-nausea -
what are 2 symptoms of chronic trichiuriasis?
why would you have this? -
-anemia
-rectal prolapse
the female doesn't die, keeps producing eggs. - if t. trichiura is suspected, what tests would you run?
- O and P and a Parasite test.
- what is the diagnostic basis for id of t. trichiura?
- characteristic ova in stool
- how is t. trichiura treated?
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Mebendazole or
Pyrantel pamoate - How can it be prevented?
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good hygiene, wash fruits/veg
properly dispose feces
don't use night soil - human manure.