test for friday
Terms
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- serf
- a pesant who belonged to the land
- the reformation
- the movement which sought to reform certain corrupt practices of the Catholic Church and which led to Protestantism.
- carbohydrates
- a substance the human body uses for fuel
- wales
- a celtic speaking reigon in the southwest portion of the united kingdom which was a seperate kingdom until the endof the thirteenth century,
- joust
- a combat or mock combat with lances between two knights or soliders
- tithing
- one tenth of annual produce or money paid as a tax to support the church and the clergy
- crop rotation
- a system of soil conservation in which a farmer grows different crops in the same fields over a period of years.
- clergy
- wrongdoings could be forgiven in God's name by him. they also are the men who performed the services of thechurch and helped people follow Church rules about how to live.
- celtic
- refers to a language cariety spoken in wales, brittany, ireland, and scotland. also regers to the ancient peoples called the celts.
- manor
- a large estate
- sumptuary laws
- laws restircting the use of extravagant clothing and food
- aristocracy
- a privilaged minority, usuallly based on inherited wealth and high social position.
- self-sufficient
- able to supply one's own needs
- normandy
- a dukedom of france located in the northwest part of the country. named for the vikings or northmen who settled there in the 900s
- apprentice
- an unpaid worker being trained in a craft
- page
- a boy attendant to a knight who was in training for the knighthood
- coat of arms
- a shield marked with the insignia or designs of a particular family or group
- migration
- the moving of a group of people or animals from one place to another.
- cathedral
- the main church for a district or diosese which served as the seat of the bishop
- falconry
- hunting with trained falcons
- the magna carta
- a document limiting the power of english kings
- parliment
- the council that advised the english king
- cultivate
- to prepare soil for rasing crops
- arable
- well suited for growing crops
- vassal
- someone who promiced to fight for a lord
- melle
- a fight or mock fight between groups of knights or soliders
- joan of arc
- a person who led the french army in battle against england.
- the norman conquest
- the defeat of england by french norman invaders under Duke William of Normandy
- feudalism
- the economic, political, and social organization of medieval europe.
- anglo-sazons
- germanic people who lived in england in the centuries before the norman conquest
- protein
- a substance needed to build body cells
- monk
- a man who lives alone or with a religous order which is seperated from normal wordly ativities and who lives according to strict rules under vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience.
- chivalry
- knightly qualities such as valor, fairness, courtesy, respect for women, and protection of the poor
- troubadour
- a traveling performer. he sang about knights
- the renaissance
- the great rebirth of acrt, literature, and learning in the 14th, 15th, and 16th centuries which marked the transition from the medieval to modern periods of European history.
- dark ages
- the period of european history from the fall of the roman empire to about the end of the tenth century.
- battle of hastings
- the decisive battle, in 1066, of the norman invasion near the southern english town of hastings
- bishop
- a clergyman of noble rank, higher then a priest, in charge of the administration of a diocese.
- medieval era
- the period of the MIddle Ages
- gregory VII
- the pope who excommunicated Henry IV
- diocese
- a church district under a bishop's authority
- plowshare
- the sharp blade of a plow that cuts into the soil
- surplus
- an amount over and above what is needed
- knights
- a military servant often holding land on the condition that he serves his master as a mounted man of arms
- closters
- a monastic place, but especially the arched and covered wlkways around a central garden that link monastery buildings.
- Middle Ages
- the period of history between the fall of the Roman Empire, around 500 A.D., to the birth of the Rennaissance, about 1450 A.D.
- excommunicate
- prevent from taking part in church life. this was usually how the church would punish a lord.
- king john
- the ruler who agreed to give power to english nobles
- fallow
- plowed land not used for growing crops during one or more growing seasons.