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Biology Cells

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Spontaneous Generation
living things come from non living matter
Francesco Redi
-1668 -disproves spontaneous generation
Robert Hooke
-1662 -named "cells" -1st microscope -cork
Anton Van Leeuwenhoeck
-1662 -1st simple microscope -bacteria
Mathias Schleiden
-1832 -botanist - plants are made up of plant cells
Theodor Schwann
-1832 -zoologist -animals are made up of animal cells
Rudolph Virchow
-1855 -states that all cells arise from existing cells
Cell Theory
1. All living things are made up of cells 2. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function of living things 3. Cells come from pre-existing cells
Exceptions to Cell Theory
-Viruses -Mitochondria -Chloroplasts
Multicellular
-composed of many cells -tree, monkey, humas
Unicellular
-organism made up of only one cell -more unicellular -bacteria, fungus, protozoa, monera
Diffusion
-movement of molecules from high concentration to low -no energy use -reach dynamic equilibrium
Dynamic Equilibrium
-state in which the number of the particles entering a cell is equal to the number leaving
Osmosis
-diffusion of water across a membrane -concentration gradient -osmotic balance -no energy required
Isotonic Solution
-concentration of water is equal inside and outside -equal movement -no change in cell
Hypotonic Solution
-water concentration inside a cell is lower than the surrounding solution -eventually swells and bursts
Hypertonic Solution
-water concentration inside a cell is higher that outside -water flows out of cell -cell shrinks
Passive Transport
-no energy -any exchange of materials across a membrane where no energy is used -move through pores in membrane or lipid layers of membrane
Facilitate Diffusion
-process where carrier proteins help move materials across the membrane

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