Endocrine System: Hormones
Terms
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- Adrenal Androgens
- Gland: Adrenal Cortex (Adrenal Glands)Target Tissue: Most tissues Response; Insignificant in males, increase females sex drive, pubic and axillary hair growth
- Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
- Gland: Anterior pituitary gland Target Tissue: Adrenal Cortex Response: Increases secretion of glucocorticoid hormones such as cortisoli, Increases skin pigmentation at high concentrations
- Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
- Gland: Posterior Pituitary gland Target Tissue: Kidney Response: Increases water reabsorption (less water is lost as urine)
- Calcitonin
- Gland: Thyroid Gland Target Tissue: Primary Bone Response: Decreases rate of breakdown of bone, prevents large increase in blood calcium levels
- Epinephrine (mostly, some Norepinephrine)
- Gland:Adrenal Medulla (Adrenal Glands) Target Tissue: Heart, Blood Vessels, Liver, Fat Cells Response: Increase cardiac output, Increase blood flow to skeletal muscles/ heart, increase release release of Glucose/ Fatty acids into blood, in
- Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
- Gland: Anterior pituitary gland Target Tissue: Follicles in Ovaries in female, Seminiferous Tubules in male Response: Follicle maturation and estrogen secretion in ovaries, Spermatogeneis in testis
- Glucagon
- Gland: Pancreas Target Tissue: Primarily liver Response: Increases breakdown of glucogen, relasease of glucose into the circulatory system
- Glucocorticoids (Cortisol)
- Gland: Adrenal Cortex (Adrenal gland)Target Tissue: most tissue( Ex:liver, fat, Skeleral muscle, immune tissue)Response: Increase fat/ protein breakdown, increase glucose synthesis from amino acids, increase blood nutrient levels, inhalbi
- Growth Hormone
- Gland: Anterior pituitary gland Target tissue: Most Tissue Response: Increase protein synthesis, breakdown of lipids and release of fatty acids from cell; increase blood glucose levels
- Insulin
- Gland: Pancreas Target tissue: Especially liver, skeletal muscle fat tissue Response: Increases uptake and use of glucose and amino acid
- Luteinizing hormone (LH) or Interstitial cell Stimulating
- Gland: Anterior pituitary gland Target Tissue: Ovaries in females, testis in males Response: Ovulation and Progesterone production in ovaries, testosterone synthesis and support for sperm production in testis
- Melanocyte-Stimulating hormone (MSH)
- Gland: Anterior pituitary gland Target Tissue: Melancytes in skin Response: Increase melanin production in melanocytes to make the skin darker in color
- Melatonin
- Gland: Pineal Body Target tissue: At least the Hypothalamus Response: Inhibits secretion of gonadotropin releasing hormone, there by inhibiting reproduction.
- Mineralococorticoids (Aldosterone)
- Gland: Adrenal Cortex (adrenal gland)Target Tissue: Kidneys, to lesser degree, intestine and sweat glands Response: increase rate of sodium transport into body, increase rate of potassium excertion secondarily favor water retention
- Oxytocin
- Gland: Posterior Pituitary gland Target Tissue: Uterus, Mammary glands Response:Uterus- Increases uterine contractions Mammary glands- Increases milk "let down" from Mammary gland
- Parathyroid Hormone
- Gland: Parathyroid glands Target Tissue: Bone, Kidney Response: Increases rate of bone breakdown by osteoclasts; Increases Vitamin D synthesis, Essential for maintenance of normal blood levels of calcium
- Prolactin
- Gland: Anterior pituitary gland Target Tissue: Ovary and Mammary gland in female, Testis in male Response- Milk production in women, Increases sensitivity to Luteinizing hormone in male
- Reproductive Organ: Estrogen/ Progesterone
- Glands: Ovaries Target tissue: Most cells Response: Aid in uterine and Mammary gland development and function, external genitalia structure secondary sexual characteristics, sexual behavoir, and menstrual cycle
- Reproductive Organ: Prostaglandisns
- Gland: Uterus, Ovaries, inflamed tissues Target tissue: Most Tissues Response: Mediate inflammatory responses, increase uterine contractions, ovulation, and more
- Reproductive Organ: Testosterone
- Gland: Testis Target Tissue: Most cells Response: Aid in spermatogenesis, maintenance of functional reproductive organs, secondary sexual characteristics, sexual behavoir
- Thymosin
- Gland: Thymus gland Target Tissue: Immune Tissue Response: Immune system development and function
- Thyroid-Hormone
- Gland: Thyroid Gland Target Tissue: Most cells of the body Response: Increase metabolic rate, essential for normal process of growth and maturation
- Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (THS)
- Gland: Anterior pituitary gland Target Tissue: Thyroid gland Response: Increases Thyroid hormone secretion
- Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (THS)
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Gland: Anterior pituitary gland Target Tissue: Thyroid gland Response: Increases Thyroid hormone secretion
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Gland: Anterior pituitary gland.
Target Tissue: Thyroid gland
Response: Increases thyroid hormone secretion - Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)