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Biology 7-2 Cell Structures Vocabulary

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Chromatin
The granular material visible within the nucleus.
Chromosome
Threadlike structures with genetic info that is passed from one generation of cells to the next.
Nucleolus
A small, dense region of the nuclei.
Nuclear envelope
A double-membrane layer that surrounds the nucleus. It contains thousands of nuclear pores.
Cytoskeleton
The STRUCTURE of some cells. It helps to maintain & support the cell. It is made of protein filaments that helps the cell to maintain its shape.
Microtubule
Long, hollow, tubes made of protein that help movement of the cell
Microfilament
Long, thin fibers that function in the movement and support of the cell.
Ribosome
Small particles made of RNA and protein. Makes (synthesis)
proteins.
Endoplasmic Reticulum
1. "Internal Membrane System". Organelle that assembles parts of the cell membrane.
2. Chemically modifies proteins (Rough ER)
Golgi Apparatus
A stack of membranes that use enzymes to attach carbohydrates and lipids to proteins.
Lysosome
Small organelles filled with enzymes.
Vacuole
Saclike structures that store water, salts, proteins and carbohydrates in cells.
Chloroplast
Found in plants and other organisms. They make energy-rich food molecules by the sunlight's energy.
Mitochondrion
Uses energy from food to make high-energy compounds that the cell uses to power growth, development, and movement.

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