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History Final Terms

Terms

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Ike
Nickname of General Eisenhower who lead forces in Europe.
Capone
Popularly known as Alfonso "Scarface" Capone, was an infamous American gangster in the 1920s and 1930s
Federal Reserve
Glass-Owen bill created this system, that we still have today (look at notes for characteristics)
Rankin
First woman in Congress, voted against WW1 and WW2 on pacifistic grounds
Island Hoppers
Also called leap frogging, was an important military strategy in the Pacific Theater of World War II
Joe McCarthy
Republican Senator from Wisconsin. Accused of membership in the communist party or of communist sympathies
KKK
Name of a number of past and present fraternal organizations in the United States that have advocated white supremacy and anti-Semitism
Brain Trust
Name given to a group of diverse academics, including economists and professors who served as advisors to U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt during the early period of his tenure. The group never met together but acted as informal advisors.
Sandino
Nicaraguan revolutionary and leader of a rebellion against the U.S. military presence in Nicaragua
Boycott
To abstain from using, buying, or dealing with someone or some organization as an expression of protest or as a means of coercion
KDKA
World's first commercial radio station
Pearl Harbor
Attack on Hawaiian island by Japan on December 7, 1941 that brought the United States into World War II
Nuremburg Trials
Were the sets of trials of officials involved in WWII and the Holocaust during the Nazi regime. Held in Nuremburg, of course.
Appeasement
Strategic maneuver based on either pragmatism, fear of war, or moral conviction, that leads to the known acceptance of imposed conditions instead of armed resistance. (Basically, giving up instead of fighting back in terms of war)
CCC
Group of civilian workers that function like the army but work on preserving the natural environment
American Legion
Organization made up of USAF's veterans who served during wartime. Organizes commemorative events and involved in politics
MacArthur
Army general who was later fired by Truman, made an unsuccessful bid for the presidency and died a few years later. Called the American Caeser because he was vastly loved by US citizens
Doughboy
A now-outdated slang term for American infantrymen
Bear Market
In investing, a prolonged period of time when prices are falling
Frances Perkins
U.S. Secretary of Labor and the first female cabinet member
Merchants of Death
Put pressure on the US government to get into the war because it would be such a great market for them. Ammunition and gun companies especially.
Sit Down Strike
Strike that lasted 34 days where employees would go to work and just sit. Changed the United Automobile Workers from a collection of isolated locals to a major union
Al Smith
Governor of New York. Lost presidential election to Herbert Hoover. Emphasized his lowly beginnings, identified himself with immigrants, and campaigned as a man of the people.
Teapot Dome
A reference to an oil field on public land in Wyoming, named so because of a rock resembling a teapot overlooking the field
Billy Sunday
Noted first as a professional baseball player, and then more famously as an evangelist
Villa
Mexican bandit whom General Pershing chased into Mexico prior WWI
Scopes Trial
American court case that passed the law that forbade the teaching of any aspect of the theory of evolution
FDR
Served as the 32nd President of the United States and was elected to four terms in office, becoming the only president to serve more than two terms
Pershing
Deployed to Mexico to deal with Mexican bandit, Pancho Villa. Put in charge of the American Expeditionary Force. Only person to reach highest rank in military while still alive.
Hiroshima
Most known throughout the world as the first city in history subjected to nuclear warfare with the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
Will Rogers
An American humorist and entertainer. Known as "The Cherokee Kid" in his show business career
Herbert Hoover
31st President of the United States. Also a successful mining engineer, humanitarian, and administrator. President during the beginning of the great depression, was often blamed for the great depression
Bull Market
In investing, a prolonged period of time when prices are rising in a financial market faster than their historical average
Coolidge
Was the twenty-ninth Vice President and the 30th President of the United States
Marshall Plan
Known officially following its enactment as the European Recovery Program (ERP). Was the primary plan of the United States for rebuilding the allied countries of Europe and repelling communism after WWII
Hoovervilles
Term describing a series of villages that appeared during the Great Depression. These villages were often in unpleasant neighborhoods and consisted of dozens or hundreds of shacks and tents that were temporary residences of those left unemployed and homeless by the Depression
Revisionism in History
Historical revisionism is often viewed as a legitimate effort by historians to broaden the awareness of certain historical events by re-examining conventional wisdom
Truman
FDR's VP, succeed FDR upon his death in 1944. Dropped the bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki and tried to fight communism
FBI
Federal criminal investigative and intelligence agency which is the principal investigative arm of the United States Department of Justice. Evolved into existence during FDR's terms.
Blank Check
Germany gave Austria a blank check meaning that whatever Austria would do the Serbia that Germany. Germany did not expect war.

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