Aerospace Module #3B

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Between 30 degrees north and south latitude and the equator, the movement of air toward the equator is called ?: trade winds
The Northern Hemisphere is tilted directly toward the sun on June 21. This is called the summer_______.: solstice
The sun heats the earth through a method known as _______.: radiation
The sun heats parts of the earth _______ than others.: more
The center of a hurricane is called an ______.: eye
Hurricanes are classified into ____ categories.: 5
To be classified as a hurricane, the winds must go above _____ miles per hour.: 74
If a tornado is coming and you are in open country, move at _______ angles away from it.: Right
If a tornado is coming and time permits, get to a _____ or underground.: Basement
A tornado's _______ are the main reason for the tremendous destruction associated with tornadoes.: winds
_________ is the most dangerous part of a thunderstorm.: lightning
The ______ stage of a thunderstorm is dominated by updrafts.: building
________ come from cumulonimbus clouds and always possess thunder and lightning.: thunderstorms
When three differing air masses are involved with each other, it is called an _______ front.: occluded
When air masses bump against each other, but not strong enough to force movement, it is called a _____ front.: stationary
A ____ front occurs when the air moving into the area is colder than the already present warmer air.: cold
A ______ front occurs when warm air moves into an area of colder air and they collide.: warm
A boundary between two air masses is called a _________.: front
Air masses are identified by a two-letter code consisting of a _____ letter and a _________ letter.: capital lowercase
An ____ _____ is a huge body of air, usually 1,000 miles or more across that has the same temperature and moisture characteristics.: air mass
Rain that freezes on contact with the ground or highway is called ___ _____.: freezing rain
__________ is the general term given to the various types of condensed water vapor that fall to the Earth's surface, such as rain or snow.: precipitation
Many types of ______ clouds are associated with turbulence.: cumulus
________ is the unrest or disturbance of the air and refers to its instability.: turbulence
_______ is the cloud that produces thunderstorms with thunder and lightning.: cumulonimbus
________ is heavier and darker than stratus and produces rain that can last for hours.: nimbostratus
______ clouds are white, thin, wispy clouds, usually in patches, filaments, hooks or bands and are mainly composed of ice crystals.: cirrus
_______ has a very uniform appearance with very little vertical development.: stratus
______ is a fair weather cloud indicating good weather.: cumulus
______ is composed of tiny droplets of liquid water in contact with the surface. It is actually a cloud that is touching the ground.: fog
Clouds and fog are products of ________.: condensation
Converting water vapor to a liquid is called _______.: condensation
The temperature at which the air becomes saturated is called the ____ _____.: dew point
When a parcel of air is holding all of the water it can, it is called ________.: saturation
_____ is the most important element in the development of weather.: moisture
An aneroid _____ is found in weather stations and gives a permanent record of pressure readings.: barometer
Scientists and meteorologists mainly use a ______ barometer.: mercury
The weight or push on the Earth's surface is called _____ _____.: atmospheric pressure
Warmer temperatures require ______ runways for takeoff.: longer
_______ is a measure of molecular motion expressed on a man-made scale.: temperature
______ is the total energy of all molecules within a substance.: heat
A _______ is defined as a downdraft or downburst of wind.: microburst
A strong tailwind will _____ a plane's air speed.: increase
Airplanes takeoff _____ the wind because the wind gives the plane more lift.: into
To determine ______ ______ you use temperature and wind speed to explain how cold it feels.: wind chill
A scale for estimating winds on either land or sea is called the _______ scale.: Beaufort
A knot equals _____ mph.: 1.1
______ ________ is defined as the direction from which the wind is blowing.: wind direction
______ is a body of air in motion.: wind
The _____ ______ is wind that usually crosses the US at 30,000-35,000 feet and generally moves in a west to east direction.: jet stream
Winds at about 60 degrees latitude result from the air over the poles cooling, sinking and spreading out. This area of winds is called the Polar _______.: easterlies
Prevailing _______ in the Northern Hemisphere are responsible for many of the weather movements across the US and Canada.: Westerlies
Converging trade winds can cause an area of calm winds. This area of calm is called the ______.: doldrums
________ ________ is the amount of humidity in the air compared to its total water vapor capacity at a given temperature.: relative humidity
Warm air molecules are spaced ______ _______ than cool air molecules.: farther apart
Warm air _______. This is an ingredient for producing clouds.: rises
Thunderstorms have three stages: ______, _____ and _______.: building, mature, dissipating
There are three basic cloud forms: _________, ________ and ________.: cumulus, stratus, cirrus
The sun heats the Earth and is the fundamental cause of our _______.: weather
The lowercase letter of an air mass is either an ___ (_________) or c (_________).: m (maritime), c (continental)
Maritime - m, means moisture, water (true/false): TRUE
Continental - c, means dry (true/false): TRUE
The spring (vernal) equinox occurs on March 21, and the _________ equinox occurs on September 22. On both occasions, the sun's direct rays strike the equator.: spring (vernal), fall (autumnal)
The Fujita Wind Damage Scale explains the categories of ______ _____and expected damage for tornadoes.: wind speed
The Earth rotates on its axis in a _________ direction in the Northern Hemisphere.: counterclockwise
The Earth rotates on its axis at an angle of ___ degrees.: 23.5
On December 22, the Northern Hemisphere is tilted directly away from the sun. This is called the winter_______.: solstice
Moisture, in its gaseous state, is called _______ ______.: water vapor
Fahrenheit's freezing point is____degrees and its boiling point is ____.: 32, 212
Clouds are made up of minute droplets of water or tiny_____ of _____ or both.: crystals of ice
Celsius freezing point is ____degrees and its boiling point is ____degrees.: 0, 100
An air mass, temperature or latitude is placed into four categories: polar(P), _____(A), _______(T) and equatorial(E).: arctic, tropical
About ____ % of the sun's radiation is absorbed by the Earth's surface. The other _____% is reflected and ________ in the atmosphere and space.: 50, 50, absorbed
The uneven or unequal heating causes _______ and pressure differences. This creates circulation or the movement of air.: temperature

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