Anatomy Physiology BIO-163 Chapter 7-8
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- How many lumbar vertebrae are there?
- 5
- When muscle cells are depolarizing what occurs?
- Contraction
- What bone is located in the neck and helps aid in movement of the tongue and aid in swallowing?
- Hyoid
- Is ATP (energy) needed for both contraction and relaxation of muscles?
- Yes
- The olecranon process is found in which bones?
- Ulna
- What muscle cell extends downward from the sarcolemma into the sarcoplasm?
- Transverse tubules
- The mastoid process is part of what bone?
- Temporal
- What are the neurotransmitters for smooth muscles?
-
Acetylcholine
Epinephrine/norepinephrine - The cheekbones are called?
- Zygomatic
- The outermost layer of the skin is composed of?
- Stratified squamous
- Immovible joints are known as?
- Synarthrosis
- Instead of troponin, smooth muscle has what proteins?
- Calmodulin
- Extra bones sometimes found in the skull where the sutures interconnect are called?
- Wormian
-
Which of the 4-carbon sugars are found in DNA?
sucrose, fructose, ribose, deoxyribose - Deoxyribose
- Transverse foramina are only found in which vertebrae?
- Cervical
- Where are the receptors for acetylcholine located?
- Motor end plate
- Red bone marrow is closely associated with which types of bone?
- Spongy
- What type of sweat glands are thought to produce pheromones?
- Apocrine glands
- The sternum is made up of three bones, the very top one is called?
- Manubrium
-
Genes are made up of all but?
guanine, thymine, cytosine, adenine, uracil - Uracil
- Glands that secrete their products into ducts that open into some internal or external surface are called?
- Exocrine glands
- IN the presence of Calcium ions, myosin forms crossbridges with________.
- Actin protein molecules
- What is the function of intercalated discs?
- Speed impulse conduction through the muscle cell.
- What is the function of the tropomyosin troponin protein complex?
- It prevents actin from binding to myosin crosbridges.
- Where are intercalated discs found?
- Cardiac muscles
- Neurotransmitters are secreted at the ends of?
- Axons
- The muscle cell cytoplasm is known as?
- Sarcoplasm
- Synaptic vesicles are also known as?
- Boutons
- The segment of a myofibril that extends from Z-line to Z-line is called?
- Sarcomere
- What describes smooth muscle?
-
Lacks striations
Have no T-Tubules.
Has Norepinephrine + acetylcholine as transmitters.
Have poorly defined sarcoplasmic reticulum. - Does cardiac muscle cells have only one nucleus?
- Yes
- What provides most of the power needed for muscle contraction?
- ATP
- What are the thick protein filaments called?
- Myosin
- The cell membrane of a skeletal muscle cell is known as the?
- Sarcolemma
- Irregular bones are which bones?
- Vertebrae & facial bones
- The light colored bands seen in the striations of skeletal muscles are known as?
- I - Bands
- The axial skeleton contains which bones?
- Bones of the head, neck, and trunk.
- The point where the two pubic bones articulate is known as the?
- Symphysis pubis
- The medullary cavity is lined with a membrane called the?
- Endosteum
- The layer of connective tissue that closely surrounds an individual skeletal muscle fiber is known as?
- Endomysium
- What bone contains the odontoid process (Dens)?
- Axis
- The shaft portion of a long bone is referred to as the?
- Diaphysis
- What is contained within the medullary cavity of a long bone?
- Adipose
- What neurotransmitter releases at the motor-end plate of skeletal muscle?
- Acetylcholine
- Myofibrils contain two kinds of protein filaments, they are?
-
Myosin
Actin - Blood derived from one common ancestor, regardless of what blood types of blood cells RBC or WBC this is called?
- Pleuripotential stem cell.
- The cristi galli is part of which bone?
- Ethmoid
- What part of the brain lies within the sella trucica?
- Pituitary gland
- The largest long bone in the body is called?
- Femur
- The largest tarsal bone is known as the?
- Calcaneous
- Spongy bone is also known as?
- Cancellous bone
- The big toe contains how many phalanges?
- 2
- The development of endochondrial bone involves the replacement of which of tissues with bone tissue?
- Cartilage
- What is the smallest bone in the lower leg?
- Fibula
- Bony projections coming off bone which allow for the attachment of tendons and ligaments are called?
- Processes
- How many bones are there in the skull?
- 22
- The kneecap is called the?
- Patella
- Cacellous bone is located in the ________of the long bones.
- Epiphysis
- How many pairs of ribs are there?
- 12
- The tailbone is called the?
- Coccyx
- Bones of the wrist are termed?
- Carpals
- An individual muscle is separated from adjacent muscles and held into position by tough fibrous connective tissue known as?
- Fascia
- The first cervical vertebrae is known as the?
- Atlas
- What is the funciton of bone tissue?
-
Stores fat
Produces blood cells
Protection of underlying structures. - The head of the femur attaches to what portion of the hip bone?
- Acetabulum
- What bones connect via cartilage forming the symphysis pubis?
- Pubis
- What bone is in the shoulder blade?
- Scapula