BAP120 Signal Processing
Terms
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- What is EQ?
- The modification of the amplitudes of specific frequencies across the audible spectrum
- What is EQ used for?
- Alter a sound's timbre, fuse sounds, create seperations, tune PA to room, special fx, compensation
- What is passive EQ?
- Cuts frequencies. Normally used to remove unwanted sounds. Not powered. Notch, High Pass, Low Pass, Band Pass
- What is active EQ?
- Powered. Cuts and Boosts. Does not drop signals to floor.
- What is a turnover frequency?
- The point at which a distuingishible change (3dB) is noticeable.
- What are the characteristics of a Shelving EQ?
- Cuts and Boosts from turnover frequency. Normally gain pot only, maybe variable frequency.
- What are the characteristics of a Sweep EQ?
- Bell curve shaped EQ, adjustable centre (turnover) frequency. Has Frequency, gain control. Fixed Q.
- What is Q, in reference to EQ?
- The shape of an EQ curve. Smaller number is wider, larger is tighter.
- What are the characteristics of an EQ filter?
- Cuts only. Passive. Operates at turnover frequency (3dB below input signal). Fixed rate of attenuation.
- What are "orders" in reference to EQ Filters?
- The amount of attenuation per octave, where the 1st order is 6 dB per octave, and the amount of attenuation increases by 6dB every consecutive order.
- What is a High Pass Filter?
- Cuts/Rolls off Low Frequencies, usually turnover 62.5 - 80 Hz
- What is a Low Pass Filter?
- Cuts/Rolls off High Frequencies, usually turnover 10 - 12 kHz
- What is a Band Pass Filter?
- Combination of HPF and LPF. Cuts highs and low. Two turnover frequencies.
- What is a Notch Filter?
- Opposite to band pass. Removes very small group of frequencies. Only centre frequency control.
- What are the usual parameters of an EQ filter?
- Filter only cut, no gain.
- What is a graphic equalizer?
- Active, multiple band EQ. Series of bell curve EQ, reqular tonal intervals. Active. In iTunes :)
- What are the parameters of a graphic EQ?
- Cut/Boost of multiple bands. Usually fixed bands, Q.
- What are the parameters of the parametric EQ?
- Gain, Frequency, Q. Difference between parametric, parametric can alter Q across all freqs.
- What is bandwidth, in the context of an EQ?
- The range of frequencies included in the action of a device. Measured 3dB either side of turnover. Q = Centre Freq / Bandwidth.
- What is a Paragraphic Equalizer?
- Graphic Equalizer with adjustable Q. Only software versions available
- What is acoustic dynamic range?
- The difference in volume of sound which an instrument or group of instruments can produce, measured in dB A.
- What is electrical dynamic range?
- The difference (expressed in voltage) between the background noise of a device, and the level at which the signal is distorted by 3%, measured in dB U.
- What does a compressor do?
- Reduces the dynamic range of sounds.
- What are the parameters of a compressor?
- Threshold, Ratio, Attack Time, Release Time, Soft/Hard Knee, Make-up Gain.